1. Glands

2. Glands
Glands synthesize hormones to be released into the bloodstream to control the body.
Hormones are chemical messengers which is secreted by an endocrine gland.

3. Pituitary Hangs from the hypothalamus,, in the brain.
Controls other glands in the body.
Hormones secreted from pituitary gland stimulate the thyroid, adrenal, and reproductive glands.

4. Adrenal On top of each kidney.
Secrete 50 different hormones that control energy output and help deal with stress.

5. Pancreas Regulates blood sugar levels.
Secretes insulin, which moves glucose from the blood into the cells for energy.
Secretes glucagon, when blood sugar is low to stimulate the liver to make glucose.

6. Thymus Behind the sternum, the center of the chest.
The hormones secreted strengthen and stimulate the immune system.

7. Thyroid An endocrine gland in the throat.
Secretes thyroxine, which controls the body’s metabolism.
Too little thyroxine can cause excess fat to accumulate and gain weight.

8. Parathyroid
On the back of the thyroid gland are four little parathyroid glands.
Hormones from the parathyroid help control Calcium and Phosphorus levels in the body.
Necessary for proper bone development

9. Reproductive
Gonads refer to the ovaries in a female and the testes in a male.
They produce estrogen, testosterone, and progesterone.
Both gonads produce all three of these hormones, but females produce more estrogen and males produce more testosterone.

11. Disorders/Conditions
Hypothyroidism – not enough thyroxine secreted, giving the body low energy, low blood pressure, and low body temperature.
Goiter – enlargement of the thyroid
Diabetes – high blood sugar. Type I – insulin deficiency, Type II – insulin resistance
Menopause – decline in secretion of hormones in a woman’s body. (hot/cold flashes, irritability, depression)

12. Make a Pamphlet Choose 3 glands
Front Page – Introduction – description of what is in pamphlet (2 points)
Inside – one page per gland – Name the gland (1 point), What it does (2 points), Where it is (1 point)
Back Page – Name 2 disorders of glands (1 point each) and describe what glands they relate to (1 point each).