2. BASIC TERMINOLOGY BASIC TERMINOLOGY ANTIBIOTICS-chemical substances produced by microorganisms that are capable of killing other microorganisms ANTISEPTIC-a substance that inhibits the growth and development of microorganisms without necessarily killing them

4. ARBOVIRUS-an arthropod borne virus, carried by mosquitoes and ticks in most cases ASEPTIC-without sepsis; sterile; without pathogens or toxins ATTENUATE-lessen the amount; reduce the virulence

5. BACTERIUM-a prokaryotic cell that typically possesses a cell wall in addition to a cell membrane, and divides by fission CYANOBACTERIA-formerly called blue-green algae; prokaryotic; pigment containing, largely photosynthetic unicellular bacteria DISEASE-a change in normal structure and function, associated with signs and symptoms

6. DISINFECTANT-a substance that removes infective particles from a foreign object; generally kills or inhibits infectious microorganisms DNA-deoxyribonucleic acid AETIOLOGY-cause EUKARYOTE-an organism whose cells each have a true nucleus enveloped by a nuclear membrane

7. FUNGUS-a eukaryotic organism occurring as a single cell (yeast) or a long branching filament (mold) HIV-human immunodeficiency virus HYPHAE-long, branching, often intertwining chains of cells, characteristic of fungi INFECTION-the invasion of body tissues by microorganisms

8. INCUBATION-an environment in which the temperature and humidity are carefully regulated to develop a population of microorganisms in culture; also, the period of time during which microorganisms develop in a host before onset of symptoms and signs

9. INOCULATION-the introduction of disease producing microorganisms into living tissue or culture media INTRACELLULAR-within a cell MEDIUM, CULTURE-a nutrient substance used to develop and maintain populations of microorganisms

10. MICROBE-a microorganism; especially disease causing microorganisms MICROORGANISMS-protozoa, fungi, bacteria, viruses, and some algae. generally any organism that can only be seen with a microscope PARASITE-an organism that feeds off another living organism MICROBE-a microorganism; especially disease causing microorganisms MICROORGANISMS-protozoa, fungi, bacteria, viruses, and some algae. generally any organism that can only be seen with a microscope PARASITE-an organism that feeds off another living organism

11. PATHOGEN-a microbe that causes disease PHAGOCYTE-a cell that takes up foreign material into its cytoplasm by endocytosis PROKARYOTE-an organism whose cell lacks a true nucleus

13. REPLICATION-a duplication or repetition RESERVOIR-a storage site for infection; refers to a host of an infectious microbe that does not experience the signs and symptoms of the disease (carrier) YEAST-a form of fungus characterized by cells without hyphae

14. VIRUSES-agents of disease so small that they can be visualized only with the electron microscope. PARASITE-organism that grows in or on a host organism, detriment to the host. PATHOGEN-a microbe that causes disease. PROKARYOTE-an organism whose cell lacks a true nucleus

15. PATHOGEN-microbial parasite that does harm to the host INFECTION-invasion and growth of microbes in the body CONTAMINATION-presence of microbes on inanimate objects or surfaces of the skin or mucous membranes

16. COLONIZATION-growth of microbes after it has attached to host tissues or other surfaces; may or may not be associated with disease DISEASE-disturbance in the host which impairs normal host function COMMUNICABLE INFECTIOUS DISEASE-disease that can be spread from one individual to another CONTAGIOUS DISEASE-communicable disease that is spread easily

17. NON COMMUNICABLE INFECTIOUS DISEASE-disease that can not be spread from one individual to another SYMPTOMS-characteristic of a disease that can be felt by only the patient (e.g. nausea, dizziness, pain, malaise, fatigue, itching, cramps, shortness of breath, headaches, sore throat) SIGNS-characteristics that can be observed by someone else examining the patient (e.g. rash, swelling, fever, lesions, paralysis, vomiting, diarrohea, change in heart rate, white blood cell number, cough, runny nose)

18. SYNDROME:- it is a collection of symptoms or signs that are characteristic of a diseases or other disorders. Ex. Down syndrome ACUTE DISEASE-fairly rapid onset CHRONIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE- long term disease; slow mild onset

19. SUBCLINICAL DISEASE; ASYMPTOMATIC DISEASE- disease with no detectable symptoms or manifestations. LATENT DISEASE-disease that appears a long time after infection CARRIER-individual ho harbours infectious organisms but does not exhibit any symptoms of the disease

20. TOXIN-microbial substance able to cause damage to the host TOXICITY-degree of pathogenicity cause by toxins produced by the pathogen