1. Quick Facts about Disability

2. > 1 Billion

3. < 200 Million
<= 200 million experience considerable difficulties in functioning

4. ≈56.7 million people had some kind of disability
≈38.3 million people had a severe disability.
1 of 8 people severe disability
World Health Organization (2010)

5. Disability takes many shapes and forms: permanently disabled, temporary disability, situational impairments, disability from aging
visible or invisible; temporary or long term; static, episodic, or degenerating; painful or inconsequential

6. Visual Hearing Cognitive Mobility Mental Speech Nonvisible Multiple
Blind, Low-vision, Color Blind
Deaf, Hard of Hearing
Dyslexia, Short term memory loss, Dementia
Ability to walk, Ability to use arms
Depression, Anxiety
Ability to speak, Stuttering
Asthma, Epilepsy
Deaf-blindness

7. Census May-Aug 2010 – x axis is age range, notice that ranges aren’t even. Y axis is percentage of people in the population
what can you observe?
Aging population is only increasing

8. Focus here on employment portion
Focus here on employment portion. There is a real motivation for people to design technologies for disabilities because we can help keep perfectly functioning people in society.
Employment 21-64

9. Poverty 15-64

10. Talk about the costs of these technologies because they are meant for a small set of users

11. Fashion Meets Discretion
From Design Meets Disability by Graham Pullin
Anyone want to summarize the chapter?

12. In the Shadow of Misperception
By Kristin Shinohara and Wobbrock (2011)
We will read this paper later as an example of a type of Accessibility Research, but some of the findings from this work include the fact that
Depending on the context, people may or may not want to call out their disability

13. Blind Cane

14. Moving from glasses to eyewear
What happened?
Talk about the medical model and social model
Can you define what those terms mean?
Framing one’s research – moving from for the blind to eyes-free

15. Google Glass Acceptability
People found use of google glass in public more acceptable if they knew the person had a disability

16. Acceptability of Hearing Aids
Nothing to Hide: Aesthetic Customization of Hearing Aids and Cochlear Implants in an Online Community Halley Profita et al. 2016
Anything surprise you about hearing aids from this section?
Hiding the fact that you had a hearing aid impedes quality. They are smaller than they should be!

17. Acceptability of Hearing Aids

18. Maker Movement with Prostheses
An Intimate Laboratory?: Prostheses as a Tool for Experimenting with Identity and Normalcy Bennett et al. 2016

19. Do we just “fix” or do we “augment”
My 12 pairs of legs
Fixed the Movie Trailer
Interviewed a person who was a sighted guide for an athlete who did ironman – no medical insurance
Heard countless times how athletes with sighted guides are accused of cheating because they think the person is their coach

20. Did anything strike you as odd about the color choice throughout the chapter?
There is an importance of actually interacting with diverse people
Anything about this chapter surprise you?
Instance where people thought they were normal and then were “disappointed” – next time we are going to talk about this
After reading this chapter, we find many examples of things that are not tech, or existing tech, but how do we use this knowledge when designing new technology?

21. Exploring Meets Solving
From Design Meets Disability by Graham Pullin
Anyone want to summarize this chapter?
How do we as technical people keep “design” in our work?
As chairs evolved, why didn’t wheelchairs?

22. Murderball

23. “But I don’t take steps”
"But, I don't take steps": Examining the Inaccessibility of Fitness Trackers for Wheelchair Athletes Carrington et al. 2015
Different types of wheelchairs, different types of contexts. What do you measure, where do you put the sensor, etc.?
He created a design space for future trackers

24. Beam telepresence robot

25. Accessibility and ICTD
Social Media Platforms for Low-Income Blind People in India Aditya Vashistha et al. 2015
Even in accessibility, there is diversity
How do you think accessibility differs between different regions of the world?
Found due to infrastructure, cost, difficulty using screen reader that social media abandoned
Built system with ivr called sangeet swara

26. Accessibility and ICTD
Gesture-based Interaction for Individuals with Developmental Disabilities in India Sumita Sharma et al. 2016

27. Designing Braille for the Sighted

28. Designing Braille for the Sighted
Smartfonts Bragg et al. 2016