1. Introduction to Operating System
Dr. R.R. Mergu
Associate Professor,
Department of Electronics &Telecommunication Engg.
Walchand Institute of Technology, Solapur
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

2. Introduction to Operating system
What is operating system?
Characteristics of operating system
Characteristics of Embedded operating system
Desktop Vs. Embedded operating system
Introduction to Operating System

3. What is operating system?
Introduction to Operating System

4. List out the systems where we use OS?
Reflection Spot PC
Mobile phones
Smart Washing machine
Programmable devices for multitasking
Introduction to Embedded System

5. What is operating system?
The collection of software that manages a system’s hardware resources
Often include a file system module, a GUI and other components
Often times, a “kernel” is understood to be a subset of such a collection
Introduction to Operating System

6. Characteristics of operating System
Resource management: The objective is to allocate resources so as to optimize responsiveness subject to the finite resources available.
Interface between application and hardware: OS provides services to communicate with hardware
Library of functions for the application:– code to be used as building blocks in programs – present their capabilities as functions / APIs
Introduction to Operating System

7. Characteristics of Embedded operating System
Fusion of the application and the OS to one unit
Characteristics:
Resource management
Primary internal resources
Less overhead
Code of the OS and the application mostly reside in ROM
Introduction to Operating System

8. Characteristics of Embedded operating System
Configurability:
No single OS fit all needs, no overhead for unused functions  configurability
Interrupts not restricted to OS
Device drivers often not integrated into kernel
Embedded systems often application-specific  specific devices  move device out of OS to tasks
For desktop OS, many devices are implicitly assumed to be presented, e.g., disk, network, audio, etc.  they need to be integrated to low-level SW stack
Protection is often optional
Embedded systems are typically designed for a single purpose, untested programs rarely loaded, and thus software is considered reliable
Introduction to Operating System

9. Desktop Vs. Embedded operating system
Desktop: applications are compiled separately from the OS
Embedded: application is compiled and linked together with the embedded OS
On system start, application usually gets executed first, and it then starts the RTOS.
Typically only part of RTOS (services, routines, or functions) needed to support the embedded application system are configured and linked in
Introduction to Operating System