1. Small intestine

2. Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum

3. Pancreatic secretion
Bile secretion
Secretion of small intestine

6. Exocrine portion:
acinar cells :enzyme
duct cells:electrolyte solution
Endocrine portion
insulin
glucagon

10. Pancreatic juice

14. Pancreatic amylase

15. Pancreatic lipase
Only enzyme secreted throughout the entire digestive system that can accomplish digestion of fat

16. Pancreatic proteolytic enzyme

18. Acute pancreatitis

19. Regulation of pancreatic sercretion

20. Regulation of pancreatic sercretion

21. Regulation of pancreatic sercretion

22. Regulation of pancreatic sercretion
cholecystokinin

23. ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↑ Secretin release from duodenal mucosa
Acid in duodenal lumen
Fat and protein products in duodenal lumen ↓ ↓
↑ Secretin release from duodenal mucosa
↑CCK release from duodenal mucosa ↓ ↓
Pancreatic duct cells
Pancreatic acinar cells ↓ ↓
↑Secretion of aqueous NaHDO3 solution into duodenal lumen
↑ Secretion of pancreatic digestive enzymes into duodenal lumen

26. Bile secretion

27. Secretion of bile

29. Composition of bile secretion
Hepatic bile :
pH:7.4
reletively dilute,yellow and alkaline
Bile in gallbladder
pH:6.8
brown and acidic
Difference result from actively absorption of H2O and CO2 and concentrates this fluid.

30. Composition of bile secretion
Cholesterol,phospholipids,lecithin,bile pigments and most important a group of substances termed bile salts
Double ecotropic molecular
Lipid-soluble portion
Water-soluble portion(negative charge)

31. Function of bile salt

32. Function of bile salt 1.Emulsification:aid digestion
refers to bile salts’ ability to convert large fat globules into a lipid emulsion(fat droplets in the aqueous chyme).

35. Function of bile salt 2,micellar formation:aid absorption
bile salts interact with cholesterol and lecithin to form micellars to facilitate the absorption for insolute fat productions.
Hydrophobic core
Hydrophilic shell

36. Hydrophobic core
Hydrophilic shell

37. Gallstones
Excess cholesterol precipitates into microcrystals that can aggregate into gallstones:75%
Bilirubin:25%
The amount of cholesterol that can be carried in micellar formation depends on the relative amount of bile salts and lecithin in comparison to cholesterol

38. Cholecystitis

39. Regulation of bile secretion Choleretic

42. Small intestinal juices
Brunners gland

43. Small intestinal juices
Brunners gland
Crypts of lieberkuhn

44. Small intestinal juices

45. Small intestinal juices

46. Motility of small intestine

47. Segmentation

49. Peristalsis ＆peristalsis rush

50. Movement of small intestine

54. Defecation reflex

55. Quenstion:
1 If stomach is removed,what will happen?
2 How to control HCl?
3 why is the small intestine the most important portion for ingestion and absorbtion?
4 how does a hamberger travel in your digestive gut