1. 3.03 REMEMBER THE STRUCTURES OF THE SENSORY SYSTEM EYE

2. What are the structures of the sensory system - Eye?
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS
What are the structures of the sensory system - Eye?
3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

3. 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system
THE SENSES
Eyes
Sight
Ears
Hearing
Nose
Smell
Tongue
Taste
Skin
Touch
3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

4. 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system
EYES
3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

5. 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system
STRUCTURES OF THE EYES
External structures
Orbit
Eyelids
Eyelashes
Conjunctiva
Lacrimal apparatus
Extrinsic muscles
3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

6. STRUCTURES OF THE EYES
External structures - another diagram

7. 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system
STRUCTURES OF EYES
Extrinsic muscles
3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

8. 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system
EYES
Internal structures
3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

9. EYE TRIVIA
Which famous screen actress was noted for her stunning eyes?
Many people thought her irises were violet in color…
What gives the iris color? The amount of melanin in iris, more = darker

10. 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system
STRUCTURES OF THE EYES
Internal structures
3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

11. 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system
STRUCTURES OF THE EYES
Rods and cones
Rods
Active in dim light
Do not perceive color
Cones
Active in bright light
Perceive color
3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

12. 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system
EYES
Name the structures…
Review - use digram given in class
3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system

13. 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
3.04 Functions of the eye
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 13

14. 3.04 Understand the functions of the eye
Essential Questions
What are the functions of the eye?
How do you relate the body’s communication to the sensory system?
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 14

15. Understanding the functions of the eye
Sight
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16. Understanding the functions of the eye
External eye
Orbit:
bone socket where the eye sits
A rounded out area of the skull
blink twice as often as men. Why do we blink?
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 16

17. Understanding the functions of the eye
External eye
Eyelids and eyelashes
Protective covering for the eye
Helps keep the eye from drying out
Eyelashes are hairs that catch dust and particles from getting in the eye
Women blink twice as often as 17

18. Understanding the functions of the eye
External eye
Conjunctiva:
Mucous membrane
Lines the eyelids and covers the front of the eye to provide additional protection and lubrication
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19. Understanding the functions of the eye
External eye
Lacrimal apparatus:
Glands of the eye that produce tears
They constantly moisten and cleanse the eye
Tears flow across the eye and drain through the nasolacrimal duct into the nasal cavity 19

20. Understanding the functions of the eye
External eye
Extrinsic muscles:
Muscles attached to the eyeball and move the eyeball in all directions
Superior rectus are straight muscles; attach to the top of eyeball; allows you to look up 20

21. Understanding the functions of the eye
External eye
Extrinsic muscles
Which extrinsic muscle allows you to look upward?
Superior rectus 21

22. Understanding the functions of the eye
Internal eye
Cornea:
circular, transparent part of the front of the sclera.
Allows light rays to enter the eye
Referred to as the window of the eye 22

23. Understanding the functions of the eye
Internal eye:
Iris:
Colored portion of the eye
Located behind the cornea on the front of the choroid coat 23

24. Understanding the functions of the eye
Internal eye
Pupil:
Opening that is located in the middle of the iris that has two muscles.
One muscle is makes the pupil smaller in bright light
One muscle makes it bigger for dim light 24

25. Understanding the functions of the eye
Internal eye
Ciliary body:
Part of the eye that connects the iris for the choroid which is the inside layer of the eyeball 25

26. Understanding the functions of the eye
Internal eye
Lens:
Circular structure located behind the pupil
Suspended in position by ligaments
Refracts (bends) light rays so the rays focus on the retina 26

27. Understanding the functions of the eye
Internal eye
Aqueous humor:
Clear watery fluid that fills the space between the cornea and iris
Helps maintain the forward curvature of the eyeball and refracts light rays
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28. Understanding the functions of the eye
Internal eye
Sclera:
Outermost layer of the eyeball
Tough connective tissue
White of the eye
Helps maintain shape of eye 28

29. Understanding the functions of the eye
Internal eye
Choroid:
Middle coat of the eyeball
Interfaced with blood vessels that nourish the eye
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30. Understanding the functions of the eye
Internal eye
Retina:
Innermost layer of eye
Made of many nerve cells that transmit the light impulses to the optic nerve 30

31. Understanding the functions of the eye
Internal eye
Vitreous humor:
Jellylike substance that fills the area behind the lens
Helps maintain the shape of the eyeball and also refracts light rays
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32. Understanding the functions of the eye
What is the macula?
Region of greatest visual acuity

33. Understanding the functions of the eye
Process of Seeing
Trace the field of vision.
Eye
Cornea
Pupil
Lens (where light rays are refracted)
Retina
Rods and cones (pick up stimulus
Optic nerve 33

34. Understanding the functions of the eye
Process of Seeing
Is there anything strange about this picture? Explain
Why can you not see in the dark?
No objects are reflecting light

35. Understanding the functions of the eye
Vision
What happens as you move your paper away from and
toward to your eye?
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36. Rods and cones of the retina
Understanding the functions of the eye
Rods and cones of the retina
What are functions of rods and cones? Rods
Active in dim light
Do not perceive color
Cones
Active in bright light
Perceive color
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37. 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
Check your knowledge!
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 37

38. 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
Vision Activity
Do you see what I see?
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 38

39. Disorders of the eye Presbyopia Astigmatism Glaucoma Detached retina
Diabetic retinopathy
Detached retina
Color blindness
Hyperopia
Cataract
Conjunctivitis
Myopia
Have you heard of these conditions?
What do you know about them?
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40. Disorders of the eye: Cataract
Describe this lens.
Disorders not done
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 40

41. Disorders of the eye: Cataract
How is a cataract treated?
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 41

42. Disorders of the eye: Color Blindness
Do you see the number?
What is color blindness?
What causes it?
Who is most likely to have color blindness?
Ishihara chart
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43. Disorders of the eye: Conjunctivitis
What is conjunctivitis?
What are the symptoms?
What causes it?
How is it treated?
How is conjunctivitis spread?
How can it be prevented?
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44. Disorder of the eye: Detached retina
Discuss what happens in this process.
What is the relevance to health?
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 44

45. Disorder of the eye: Detached retina
Compare this process to the previous picture.
What might cause this condition?
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 45

46. Disorders of the eye: Diabetic retinophathy
What causes diabetic retinopathy?
What are the symptoms?
Explain the impact on vision.
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 46

47. Disorders of the eye: Glaucoma
What are the common symptoms of glaucoma?
How is it diagnosed?
How is it treated?
Tonometry
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 47

48. Disorders of the eye: Macular degeneration
What is macular degeneration?
Compare the two types.
How is it diagnosed?
What is the treatment?
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 48

49. Disorder of the Eye: Problems with Focus
Compare the symptoms and treatments of these common eye disorders.
Can a person have more than one of these disorders? Explain.
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50. What is the difference between an ophthalmologist and an optician?
Testing vision
How do we test visual acuity?
What is 20/20?
What does PERRLA mean?
What is the difference between
an ophthalmologist and an optician?
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system 50

51. 3.04 Understand the disorders of the sensory system
Essential Questions
What are some disorders of the sensory system?
How are sensory system disorders treated?
How do you relate the body’s communication to the sensory system?
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52. 3.04 Functions and disorders of the eye
The End
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