1. © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.

2. Concept Check What role(s) does cell division play in your body?
production of gametes
growth
repair and replacement of dying cells
early development of the embryo following fertilization
all of the above
Answer: e
© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.

3. Answer What role(s) does cell division play in your body?
production of gametes
growth
repair and replacement of dying cells
early development of the embryo following fertilization
all of the above
Answer: e
© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.

4. Concept Check Use the following choices to complete the table: mitosis
meiosis
both
Required for growth in multicellular organisms
Produces haploid gametes
Replicates nuclear DNA
Asexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction
Replaces damaged cells
Answer: a
© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.

5. Answer Use the following choices to complete the table: mitosis
meiosis
both
Required for growth in multicellular organisms
a) mitosis
Produces haploid gametes
Replicates nuclear DNA
Asexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction
Replaces damaged cells
© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.

6. Answer Use the following choices to complete the table: mitosis
meiosis
both
Required for growth in multicellular organisms
a) mitosis
Produces haploid gametes
b) meiosis
Replicates nuclear DNA
Asexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction
Replaces damaged cells
Answer: b
© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.

7. Answer Use the following choices to complete the table: mitosis
meiosis
both
Required for growth in multicellular organisms
a) mitosis
Produces haploid gametes
b) meiosis
Replicates nuclear DNA
c) both
Asexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction
Replaces damaged cells
Answer: c
© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.

8. Answer Use the following choices to complete the table: mitosis
meiosis
both
Required for growth in multicellular organisms
a) mitosis
Produces haploid gametes
b) meiosis
Replicates nuclear DNA
c) both
Asexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction
Replaces damaged cells
Answer: a
© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.

9. Answer Use the following choices to complete the table: mitosis
meiosis
both
Required for growth in multicellular organisms
a) mitosis
Produces haploid gametes
b) meiosis
Replicates nuclear DNA
c) both
Asexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction
Replaces damaged cells
Answer: c. Sexual reproduction can involve both because spermatogonia are continually made via mitosis while other spermatogonia are undergoing meiosis to create sperm. Thus, men never stop making sperm because they continually make spermatogonia via mitosis.
© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.

10. Answer Use the following choices to complete the table: mitosis
meiosis
both
Required for growth in multicellular organisms
a) mitosis
Produces haploid gametes
b) meiosis
Replicates nuclear DNA
c) both
Asexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction
Replaces damaged cells
Answer: a. (In the answer above, sexual reproduction can involve both because spermatogonia are continually made via mitosis while other spermatogonia are undergoing meiosis to create sperm. Thus, men never stop making sperm because they continually make spermatogonia via mitosis).
© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.

11. Concept Check
The diagram represents the cell cycle of a eukaryotic organism. Which of the four phases of the cell cycle is the most variable in length of time, depending on the type of cell?
G1 phase
S phase
G2 phase
M phase
Answer: a
© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 11

12. Answer
The diagram represents the cell cycle of a eukaryotic organism. Which of the four phases of the cell cycle is the most variable in length of time, depending on the type of cell?
G1 phase
S phase
G2 phase
M phase
© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 12

13. Concept Check
Which of the following contribute(s) to variation in offspring in sexually reproducing organisms?
independent orientation of chromosomes during meiosis
crossing over during tetrad formation
sexual reproduction
all of the above
Answer: d
© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 13

14. Answer
Which of the following contribute(s) to variation in offspring in sexually reproducing organisms?
independent orientation of chromosomes during meiosis
crossing over during tetrad formation
sexual reproduction
all of the above
© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 14

15. Interpreting Data
This table represents the rate of cell division for the fertilized egg of an African frog (Xenopus). If each of the early divisions occur at the same time, how many divisions take place in the first 4 hours?
three
four
five
six
Answer: d
© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 15

16. Answer
This table represents the rate of cell division for the fertilized egg of an African frog (Xenopus). If each of the early divisions occur at the same time, how many divisions take place in the first 4 hours?
three
four
five
six
© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 16

17. Interpreting Data
Which form of cell division accounts for the development of the frog?
mitosis
meiosis
both mitosis and meiosis
Answer: a
© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 17

18. Answer
Which form of cell division accounts for the development of the frog?
mitosis
meiosis
both mitosis and meiosis
© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 18

19. Interpreting Data
During which stage is the rate of mitosis the fastest (most cells per hour)?
between 0 and 4 hours
between 4 and 10 hours
between 10 and 110 hours
Answer: c
© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 19

20. Answer
During which stage is the rate of mitosis the fastest (most cells per hour)?
between 0 and 4 hours
between 4 and 10 hours
between 10 and 110 hours
© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 20

21. Strongly A B C D E Strongly
Biology and Society
The incidence of births of children with Down syndrome increases markedly after maternal age of 35. Do you think that mothers over the age of 35 should seek fetal testing?
Disagree Agree
Strongly A B C D E Strongly
© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 21

22. Strongly A B C D E Strongly
Biology and Society
Genetic tests are now available to screen women with a high genetic risk of developing breast cancer. Some women in this situation have opted for a radical mastectomy before the appearance of a tumor. As a doctor, if your patient tests positive for a breast cancer gene, would you consider advising her to have a mastectomy to remove both breasts before a tumor appears?
Disagree Agree
Strongly A B C D E Strongly
© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 22

23. Strongly A B C D E Strongly
Biology and Society
One of the first human cell lines to survive indefinitely was that derived from a cancer patient who died in The HeLa line, named for Henrietta Lacks, continues today in laboratories throughout the world and is even available for high school classrooms for studying karyotyping. In 1951, people didn’t fully realize the potential applications of unique cells or DNA. Do you think that a patient should retain all rights to their cells or DNA during medical procedures?
Disagree Agree
Strongly A B C D E Strongly
© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 23