1. The purpose of mitosis includes all of the following except ___.5A
a. Repair of tissue in an injury caused by a burn
b. Asexual reproduction in a single-celled amoeba
c. Formation of sperm by a frog
d. Lengthening the long bones of a child

2. The purpose of mitosis includes all of the following except ___.5A
a. Repair of tissue in an injury caused by a burn
b. Asexual reproduction in a single-celled amoeba
c. Formation of sperm by a frog
d. Lengthening the long bones of a child

3. The stages of the cell cycle are shown in random order below
The stages of the cell cycle are shown in random order below. Starting with prophase, sequence the diagrams to show the stages of mitosis. 5A

4. The stages of the cell cycle are shown in random order below
The stages of the cell cycle are shown in random order below. Starting with prophase, sequence the diagrams to show the stages of mitosis. 5A

5. What best describes the genetic material shown in photograph B
DNA is possibly being replicated
The chromosomes are in anaphase
The chromosomes are in metaphase
The genetic material is around the poles and cytokinesis is occurring

6. What best describes the genetic material shown in photograph B
DNA is possibly being replicated
The chromosomes are in anaphase
The chromosomes are in metaphase
The genetic material is around the poles and cytokinesis is occurring

7. Which statement best describes the primary function of DNA replication
Which statement best describes the primary function of DNA replication? 5A
To allow prokaryotic cells to undergo meiosis
To provide genetic variation within specific organisms
To ensure daughter cells have a complete copy of the DNA
To prevent mutations from occurring in cells

8. Which statement best describes the primary function of DNA replication
Which statement best describes the primary function of DNA replication? 5A
To allow prokaryotic cells to undergo meiosis
To provide genetic variation within specific organisms
To ensure daughter cells have a complete copy of the DNA
To prevent mutations from occurring in cells

9. Cells and the organisms they make up reproduce through cell division
 Cells and the organisms they make up reproduce through cell division. Some organisms reproduce through mitosis, while others reproduce through meiosis and fertilization. What advantage does meiosis give to organisms that reproduce sexually?
A. Meiosis ensures that offspring inherit genes from their parents B. Meiosis ensures that offspring will not inherit any genetic disorders C. Meiosis ensures that offspring are genetically different from their parents. D. Meiosis ensures that offspring will have identical phenotypes to their parents.

10. Cells and the organisms they make up reproduce through cell division
 Cells and the organisms they make up reproduce through cell division. Some organisms reproduce through mitosis, while others reproduce through meiosis and fertilization. What advantage does meiosis give to organisms that reproduce sexually?
A. Meiosis ensures that offspring inherit genes from their parents B. Meiosis ensures that offspring will not inherit any genetic disorders C. Meiosis ensures that offspring are genetically different from their parents. D. Meiosis ensures that offspring will have identical phenotypes to their parents.

11. Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the United States
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the United States. Which of the following best describes cancer? 5D
a. An infection of foreign bodies called tumors
b. An uncontrolled growth and division of cells
c. An infectious cellular disease that you inherit
d. An individual’s immune system attacking itself

12. Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the United States
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the United States. Which of the following best describes cancer? 5D
a. An infection of foreign bodies called tumors
b. An uncontrolled growth and division of cells
c. An infectious cellular disease that you inherit
d. An individual’s immune system attacking itself

13. Which describes the role of DNA in cell differentiation? 5C
It regulates cell differentiation
It carries the code from which each cell type expresses specific genes
It removes genes that are unneeded from differentiated cells
It prevents a full set of DNA from being passed on to stem cells

14. Which describes the role of DNA in cell differentiation? 5C
It regulates cell differentiation
It carries the code from which each cell type expresses specific genes
It removes genes that are unneeded from differentiated cells
It prevents a full set of DNA from being passed on to stem cells

15. Which best explains how meiosis is a contributing factor to genetic variation within the species? 6G  
Meiosis results in offspring that contain alleles from only one parent gamete
Meiosis produces daughter cells that will contain identical chromosomes
Meiosis reduces the number of mutations within an organism
Meiosis allows for crossing over of chromosomes, resulting in a new gene combination

16. Which best explains how meiosis is a contributing factor to genetic variation within the species? 6G  
Meiosis results in offspring that contain alleles from only one parent gamete
Meiosis produces daughter cells that will contain identical chromosomes
Meiosis reduces the number of mutations within an organism
Meiosis allows for crossing over of chromosomes, resulting in a new gene combination

17. When, during the cell cycle, does this process on the left occur? 5A
During S phase c. During M phase
During G1 phase d. During G2 phase

18. When, during the cell cycle, does this process on the left occur? 5A
This is Dna replication
During S phase c. During M phase
During G1 phase d. During G2 phase

19. When step d is completed, the two DNA molecules formed will be
Identical to each other and to the parent
Different from each other and from the parent
Identical to the parent but not to each other
Identical to each other but not to the parent

20. When step d is completed, the two DNA molecules formed will be
Identical to each other and to the parent
Different from each other and from the parent
Identical to the parent but not to each other
Identical to each other but not to the parent

21. Which statement is not true about mitosis?
Mitosis produces two daughter cells that contain the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
Mitosis produces two daughter cells that contain the same kinds of chromosomes as the parent cell.
Mitosis uses a diploid parent cell to form daughter cells containing haploid number of chromosomes.
Mitosis is involved in development of a fertilized egg into a multicellular organism

22. Which statement is not true about mitosis?
Mitosis produces two daughter cells that contain the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
Mitosis produces two daughter cells that contain the same kinds of chromosomes as the parent cell.
Mitosis uses a diploid parent cell to form daughter cells containing haploid number of chromosomes.
Mitosis is involved in development of a fertilized egg into a multicellular organism

23. Which of the following mutations refers to the movement of a piece of one chromosome to another non-homologous chromosome
Inversion
translocation
deletion
duplication

24. Which of the following mutations refers to the movement of a piece of one chromosome to another non-homologous chromosome
Inversion
translocation
deletion
duplication

25. The diagram models the process of meiosis
The diagram models the process of meiosis. The segregation that occurs during meiosis results in a ___.
decrease in the total number of cells per organism
reduction in the number of chromosomes per cell
single fertilized egg cell
group of genetically identical cells

26. The diagram models the process of meiosis
The diagram models the process of meiosis. The segregation that occurs during meiosis results in a ___.
decrease in the total number of cells per organism
reduction in the number of chromosomes per cell
single fertilized egg cell
group of genetically identical cells

27. What stages of the cell cycle do sections G1, S, and G2 combine to form? 5A
Mitosis – process to make two identical nuclei
Interphase – growth, synthesis, and preparation for mitosis
Prophase – duplication and paring of chromosomes
Cytokinesis – process to make two identical nuclei

28. What stages of the cell cycle do sections G1, S, and G2 combine to form? 5A
Mitosis – process to make two identical nuclei
Interphase – growth, synthesis, and preparation for mitosis
Prophase – duplication and paring of chromosomes
Cytokinesis – process to make two identical nuclei

29. Which of the following is not correctly matched to its description? 5A
Prophase: the nuclear envelope disappears
Metaphase: chromosomes line up along the equatorial plane
Anaphase: there is movement of the chromosomes to the poles
Telophase: chromosomes become more extended

30. Which of the following is not correctly matched to its description? 5A
Prophase: the nuclear envelope disappears
Metaphase: chromosomes line up along the equatorial plane
Anaphase: there is movement of the chromosomes to the poles
Telophase: chromosomes become more extended

31. All of the following events would occur during the M phase of the cell cycle except
a. Chromosomal DNA is synthesized or replicated
b. Chromosomes separate and move toward the poles of the cell
c. Chromatin or genetic material condenses into chromosomes that are visible
d. Chromosomes move toward the equatorial plane or middle of the cell

32. All of the following events would occur during the M phase of the cell cycle except
a. Chromosomal DNA is synthesized or replicated
b. Chromosomes separate and move toward the poles of the cell- (Anapase)
c. Chromatin or genetic material condenses into chromosomes that are visible (prophase)
d. Chromosomes move toward the equatorial plane or middle of the cell (metaphase)

33. a. Slide A b. Slide C c. Slide B d. Slide E
Mary used a microscope to view a variety of prepared slides containing different types of cells undergoing cell division. Her data is in the table shown below.  
a. Slide A b. Slide C
c. Slide B d. Slide E

34. Which slide has cells that do not go through mitosis?
Mary used a microscope to view a variety of prepared slides containing different types of cells undergoing cell division. Her data is in the table shown below.  
Which slide has cells that do not go through mitosis?
a. Slide A b. Slide C
c. Slide B d. Slide E

35. The diploid chromosome number in a certain species of fish is 20
The diploid chromosome number in a certain species of fish is 20. How many chromosomes
would normally be found in a bone cell of this fish? 5A
a b this is mitosis
c d. 10

36. Which of the following diagrams illustrates what happens during an inversion mutation

37. Which of the following diagrams illustrates what happens during an inversion mutation C

38. Which of the following statements is not correct about mitosis in plant and animal cells? 5A
Spindle fibers appear in both plant and animal cell mitosis
B. Centrioles are seen in animal but not plant cell mitosis
C. Cell furrowing occurs in animal but not plant cell mitosis
D. A cell plate is formed in animal cells but not in plant cells during cytokinesis

39. Which of the following statements is not correct about mitosis in plant and animal cells? 5A
Spindle fibers appear in both plant and animal cell mitosis
B. Centrioles are seen in animal but not plant cell mitosis
C. Cell furrowing occurs in animal but not plant cell mitosis
D. A cell plate is formed in animal cells but not in plant cells during cytokinesis

40. Cancer is often characterized by tumors
Cancer is often characterized by tumors. Which would most likely trigger the formation of a tumor?
A parasite that both lives and reproduces within the human body
A mutation in a gene that codes for a protein that regulates cell division
An overproduction of antibodies
A bacterial infection that causes fever

41. Cancer is often characterized by tumors
Cancer is often characterized by tumors. Which would most likely trigger the formation of a tumor?
A parasite that both lives and reproduces within the human body
A mutation in a gene that codes for a protein that regulates cell division
An overproduction of antibodies
A bacterial infection that causes fever

42. The number in each circle below represents the chromosome number of the cell. Which diagram represents the production of offspring by an asexually reproducing organism?
a. Diagram c. Diagram 3
b. Diagram d. Diagram 4

43. The number in each circle below represents the chromosome number of the cell. Which diagram represents the production of offspring by an asexually reproducing organism?
a. Diagram c. Diagram 3
b. Diagram d. Diagram 4

44. a. Cytokinesis is often seen when observing cells
Jacob and his lab partner are using a microscope to collect data on onion root tip cells. They observed cells in various stages of the cell cycle. Jacob and his lab partner have surveyed nine fields of view, tallied the data and placed it in the table below From this data what conclusion do you think is reasonable for Jacob and his lab partner to draw?
a. Cytokinesis is often seen when observing cells
c. Cells spend most of their time dividing
b. During the M-phase, cells are more likely to be found during metaphase
d. Cells spend most of their time growing and replicating their genome

45. All of the following are sources of genetic variation except: 6G
Mutations
Crossing-over
Nonrandom joining of gametes
Independent assortment

46. All of the following are sources of genetic variation except: 6G
Mutations
Crossing-over
Nonrandom joining of gametes
Independent assortment

47. The diagram shows homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis
The diagram shows homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis. Which of the following correctly describes the process being illustrated? 6G
Segregation and independent assortment of sister chromatids during cell division
Fertilization at the chromosomal level producing genetic variety in the zygote
Mutation in which the DNA content of the gene is altered, producing genetic variety in the daughter cells
Non-sister chromatids tangle, break and reattach producing genetic variety in the daughter cells

48. The diagram shows homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis
The diagram shows homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis. Which of the following correctly describes the process being illustrated? 6G
Segregation and independent assortment of sister chromatids during cell division
Fertilization at the chromosomal level producing genetic variety in the zygote
Mutation in which the DNA content of the gene is altered, producing genetic variety in the daughter cells
Non-sister chromatids tangle, break and reattach producing genetic variety in the daughter cells

49. A eukaryotic cell cannot divide into two, the two into four, etc
A eukaryotic cell cannot divide into two, the two into four, etc. unless certain processes occur. These processes are ________ 5A
I. Doubling of its genome in S phase of the cell cycle
II. Halving of that genome during the M phase
II. Cells enter G0 after G1 and before S
III. Checkpoints regulate the cell cycle at G1, S, and G2.
I and II are correct
I, II, and IV are correct
II and III are correct
III and IV are correct

50. A eukaryotic cell cannot divide into two, the two into four, etc
A eukaryotic cell cannot divide into two, the two into four, etc. unless certain processes occur. These processes are ________ 5A
I. Doubling of its genome in S phase of the cell cycle
II. Halving of that genome during the M phase
III. Cells enter G0 after G1 and before S
IV. Checkpoints regulate the cell cycle at G1, S, and G2.
I and II are correct
I, II, and IV are correct
II and III are correct
III and IV are correct

51. The numbers in the figure below represent the chromosome number found in each of the dog cells shown. The processes that are occurring at A and B are ______
mitosis and fertilization c. mitosis and pollination
meiosis and fertilization d. meiosis and pollination

52. The numbers in the figure below represent the chromosome number found in each of the dog cells shown. The processes that are occurring at A and B are ______
mitosis and fertilization c. mitosis and pollination
meiosis and fertilization d. meiosis and pollination

53. Study the following karyotypeB
Which of the following statements is correct?
The diagram A is a karyotype of a male that shows a chromosomal nondisjunction.
The diagram B is a karyotype of a female that shows a chromosomal nondisjunction.
The diagram A is a karyotype of a normal female.
The diagram B is a karyotype of a normal female.

54. Study the following karyotypeB
Which of the following statements is correct?
The diagram A is a karyotype of a male that shows a chromosomal nondisjunction.
The diagram B is a karyotype of a female that shows a chromosomal nondisjunction.
The diagram A is a karyotype of a normal female.
The diagram B is a karyotype of a normal female.

55. The diagram shows chromosomes in a cell undergoing cell division
The diagram shows chromosomes in a cell undergoing cell division. If one of the chromosomes fails to separate correctly during this process, what will most likely happen? 6E
Nondisjunction mutation
Independent assortment
Replication
Segregation of alleles

56. The diagram shows chromosomes in a cell undergoing cell division
The diagram shows chromosomes in a cell undergoing cell division. If one of the chromosomes fails to separate correctly during this process, what will most likely happen? 6E
Nondisjunction mutation
Independent assortment
Replication
Segregation of alleles