1. Environmental Science Do Now 10-3-17
Do Now: Take your Do Now sheet out, your notes on energy transfer and complete. 1) Explain the 10% rule. 2) Give one example of a primary consumer. 3) Give one example of a producer. 4) What type of organisms goes at the bottom of an energy pyramid? 5) If a field of grass receives 25,000 kilojoules of energy from the sun and a cow is eating the grass, how many kilojoules of energy will a person receive when the cow is slaughtered, made into your cheeseburger?
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2. Environmental Science Do Now 10-3-17 KEY
1) The amount of energy at each trophic level decreases as it moves through an ecosystem. As little as 10 percent of the energy at any trophic level is transferred to the next level; the rest is lost largely through metabolic processes as heat. 2) One example of a primary consumer is a cow. 3) One example of a producer is an apple tree. 4) Producers are placed at the bottom of an energy pyramid. 5) Applying the 10% rule, if the grass absorbed kJ of energy from the sun, a cow can only absorb 10% of 25,000 kJ or 2,500 kJ of energy. Finally when the cow becomes your cheeseburger, you can only absorb 10% of 2,500 kJ or 250 kJ of energy.
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3. Reminders of Important Dates
1st Quarter Progress report grades close on Wednesday, October 4, 2017.
If you are failing a class, you have 1 more day to improve your grade before progress report grades are finalized!
This Thursday, October 5, 2017 you will have an open-notes test on Evolution and Species Interactions. As I have already mentioned, you must have your own notes. Note-sharing will not be allowed!

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Objective
Students will know how energy from the sun is transferred throughout an ecosystem community by taking notes, performing a close reading and completing a worksheet and answering exit ticket questions. Mastery: 70 points or better on the article close read, 70% (23/33) or better on the Ecological Pyramid POGIL worksheet
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5. Energy Transfer Vocabulary Words
Ecosystem Primary producer Primary consumer Secondary consumer Tertiary consumer Quaternary consumer Autotroph Heterotroph Herbivore Carnivore
Omnivore Biomass Food chain Food web 10% rule Trophic level Trophic pyramid (energy pyramid) Photosynthesis Cellular respiration Decomposers
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Homework
Ecological Pyramid POGIL
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Engage
Students will watch a YouTube video called “Food Webs and Energy Pyramids: Bedrocks of Biodiversity” Source: Thought Questions: 1) What type of organism starts a food chain? Where does it get its energy from? 2) What is the 10% rule? Where does the other 90% of the energy go? 3) What is biodiversity?
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Explore
Students will read the article on Relationships between Organisms and will annotate the article. Each symbol is worth 2.5 points and each noteworthy comment is worth 5 points. The goal is for each student to have 70 points worth of annotations and comments from the article.
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9. Sample of Good Annotations & Textual Comments
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Energy Transfer
explain
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11. Energy Flow Through an Ecosystem
Food Chains, Food Webs, Energy Pyramids
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Begins with the SUN
Photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight & chlorophyll C6H12O6 + 6O2
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Photosynthesis
Chemical reaction where green plants use water & carbon dioxide to store the sun’s energy in glucose
ENERGY is stored in glucose
Glucose is stored as starch in plants
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Organisms that can make glucose during photosynthesis are called PRODUCERS.
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15. Producers use most of the energy they make for themselves.
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Producers use cellular respiration to supply the energy they need to live.
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6O2 + C6H12O6 -->  6H2O + 6CO2 + energy
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CELLULAR RESPIRATION is the chemical reaction that releases the energy in glucose.
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The energy that is not used by producers can be passed on to organisms that cannot make their own energy.
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19. Organisms that cannot make their own energy are called CONSUMERS.
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Organisms that cannot make their own energy are called CONSUMERS.
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20. Consumers that eat producers to get energy:
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Consumers that eat producers to get energy:
Are first order (1st) or primary consumers
Are herbivores (plant-eaters)
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Most of the energy the primary consumer gets from the producer is used by the consumer.
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22. Some of the energy moves into the atmosphere as heat.
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Some energy in the primary consumer is STORED & not lost to the atmosphere or used by the consumer itself. This energy is available for another consumer (predator).
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24. A Consumer that Eats Another Consumer for Energy:
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Is called a secondary or 2nd order consumer
May be a carnivore or a omnivore
May be a predator
May be a scavenger
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Most of the energy the secondary consumer gets from the primary consumer is used by the secondary consumer.
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Some of the energy is lost as heat, but some energy is stored and can passed on to another consumer.
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27. A consumer that eats a consumer that already ate a consumer:
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Is called a 3rd order or tertiary consumer
May be a carnivore or a omnivore
May be a predator
May be a scavenger
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28. Consumers that eat producers & other consumers
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Are called omnivores
Omnivores eat plants and animals
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Consumers that hunt & kill other consumers are called predators. The animals that are hunted & killed are called prey.
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30. Consumers that eat other dead consumers are called scavengers
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Consumers that eat other dead consumers are called scavengers
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The transfer of energy from the sun to producer to primary consumer then to higher order consumers can be shown in a FOOD CHAIN.
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32. Food Chains Show Available Energy
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More Food Chains
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Another way of showing the transfer of energy in an ecosystem is the ENERGY PYRAMID
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Energy Pyramids Show
Amount of available energy decreases for higher consumers
Amount of available energy decreases down the food chain
It takes a large number of producers to support a small number of primary consumers
It takes a large number of primary consumers to support a small number of secondary consumers
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Food Webs:
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Are interconnected food chains
They show the feeding relationships in an ecosystem
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38. How Many Chains are in this web? copyright cmassengale

39. Identify the Producers, Consumers, & Decomposers:
Count the Food Chains!
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Questions???
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41. Food Chains, Food Webs & Energy Pyramids
Finally, answer the following questions:
Compare/contrasts food chains, food webs and energy pyramids.
How is a food web more helpful than a written description of the same information?
If the producer species in your food chains were removed from the community, how might the flow of energy be affected?
If your quaternary consumers in your food chains were removed from the community, how might the populations in the lower levels be affected?
Draw 5 food chains.
Create a food web from your 5 food chains.
Draw an energy pyramid based on your food web.
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Extend
Ecological Pyramid POGIL
SKILL MASTERY LEVELS:
90 – 100% (30-33 points): SKILLS EXCEPTIONALLY MASTERED
80 – 89% (26-29 points): SKILLS WELL MASTERED
70 – 79% (23-25 points): SKILLS ADEQUATELY MASTERED
60 – 69% (20-22 points): SKILLS BASICALLY MASTERED
<60% (<20 points): SKILLS NOT MASTERED
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