1. FIGHTING FAKE WITH DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP
EVALUATING ONLINE NEWS SOURCES
CYNTHIA HOUSTON, PH.D. WESTERN KENTUCKY UNIVERSITY
PROGRAM IN LIBRARY MEDIA EDUCATION

2. FIGHTING FAKE AGENDA FOLLOW ALONG!
Suggest a Resource
SCARY FACTS ABOUT NEWS LITERACY
ONLINE NEWS, FAKE NEWS AND SOCIAL ISSUES
SOCIAL NETWORKING FAKE NEWS MINEFIELDS
HELPING STUDENTS SPOT & FIGHT FAKE NEWS
OVERVIEW OF DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP, DIGITAL LITERACY, & MEDIA LITERACY
RESOURCES, RESOURCES, RESOURCES!
LOTS OF BREAKS FOR ACTIVITIES AND SOCIALIZING!

3. FOCUS OF TODAY – 21ST C LEARNING STANDARD 1. 1
FOCUS OF TODAY – 21ST C LEARNING STANDARD EVALUATE INFORMATION FOUND IN SELECTED SOURCES USING EVALUATION CRITERIA
SCARY FACTS!
63% OF ADULTS GET THEIR NEWS FROM THEIR FACEBOOK & TWITTER FEEDS
23 % OF AMERICANS HAVE SPREAD FAKE NEWS ARTICLES ONLINE
               71 % OF TEENS >13 USE FACEBOOK
7.5 MILLION CHILDREN UNDER THE AGE OF 13 USE SOCIAL MEDIA!
RESOURCES: PEW RESEARCH ON MEDIA & NEWS, CONSUMER REPORTS

4. MORE SCARY FACTS!
TEENS ARE NOT GOOD AT DISTINGUISHING FAKE VS REAL NEWS 
UNABLE TO DISTINGUISH BETWEEN “SPONSORED CONTENT” AND NEWS
UNABLE TO RECOGNIZE POLITICAL BIAS
UNABLE TO DISTINGUISH BETWEEN OPINION AND NEWS ARTICLES
FAIL TO EVALUATE THE SOURCE OF THEIR INFORMATION
RESOURCES: STANFORD STUDY,  EDUCATION WEEK

5. FIGHTING FAKE WITH DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP
CHILDREN AND TEENS ARE ACCESSING NEWS ONLINE WITHOUT CRITICAL DIGITAL LITERACY SKILLS
COMMON SENSE MEDIA
NEWS AND AMERICA'S KIDS

6. WHAT IS DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP?
DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP IS THE “NORMS OF APPROPRIATE, RESPONSIBLE TECHNOLOGY USE”
NINE ELEMENTS INCLUDING DIGITAL LITERACY
RESOURCE: DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP

7. WHAT IS DIGITAL LITERACY?
DIGITAL LITERACY IS THE “ABILITY TO USE INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES TO FIND, EVALUATE, CREATE, AND COMMUNICATE INFORMATION, REQUIRING BOTH COGNITIVE AND TECHNICAL SKILLS” 
RESOURCES: ALACONNECT

8. WHAT IS MEDIA LITERACY?
“AN INFORMED AND CRITICAL UNDERSTANDING OF THE NATURE OF THE MEDIA, THE TECHNIQUES USED BY THEM, AND THE IMPACT OF THESE TECHNIQUES. 
ALSO, THE ABILITY TO UNDERSTAND AND USE THE MASS MEDIA IN AN ACTIVE, CRITICAL WAY.”
RESOURCES MEDIA LITERACY WORKSHOP, CANADA

9. 21ST CENTURY ONLINE NEWS ISSUES
AMERICAN’S TRUST IN NEWS IS LOW AND POLARIZED
BIAS, OPINION, PERSPECTIVE
FAKE NEWS IS DISTRIBUTED ON SOCIAL MEDIA
HEADLINES GRAB READERS
CONTENT BEFORE SOURCE
QUICK NEWS CYCLE CAUSES REPORTING INACCURACIES
RESOURCE: PEW, 

10. BREAK – ACTIVITY-DISCUSSION
ACTIVITY! - SPOTTING FAKE – HOW GOOD ARE YOU?

11. ONLINE NEWS LANDSCAPE
NEWS SOURCES - NEWS IS “VETTED” BY EDITORIAL BOARD, NEWS SITE IS SUPPORTED BY ADVERTISING AND “SPONSORED CONTENT”
MAINSTREAM NEWS – CNN FOX, NYT, AP, ETC.
NEWS OUTLETS OFTEN CONTAIN A CONSERVATIVE OR LIBERAL BIAS
OPINION SECTION EXPRESS THE VIEWPOINT
POLITICAL/RELIGIOUS NEWS -BRIETBART, NATIONAL REVIEW, POLITICO, ETC.
ARTICLES REFLECT A VIEWPOINT
NEWS AGGREGATORS – FEEDLY, ETC.
 SELECT AND ASSEMBLE NEWS ARTICLES BASED ON TOPIC, POLITICAL OR RELIGIOUS AFFILIATION

12. MINEFIELDS IN THE LANDSCAPES
SATIRE NEWS
COMICAL OR SATIRICAL NEWS ARTICLES
“CLICK BAIT” NEWS
SENSATIONAL NEWS ARTICLES DESIGNED TO SELL ADVERTISING
PROPAGANDA  NEWS
NEWS SPECIFICALLY DESIGNED TO SELL A POLITICAL POINT OF VIEW
PERSONALIZED NEWS
NEWS IS SENT TO YOU BASED ON YOUR “CLICKING” HABITS
HOAX NEWS
SENSATIONALIZED NEWS DESIGNED TO SPREAD FEAR
CONSPIRACY THEORY NEWS
Powerful organizations behind events
FAKE NEWS
predatory secondary market among online publishers seeking to profitably exploit the large reach of social networks 

13. WHERE DOES FAKE NEWS COME FROM?
FAKE NEWS IS CREATED BY INDIVIDUALS FOR PROFIT
WELCOME TO VELES, MACEDONIA,
WIRED. MAR2017,

14. SPOTTING FAKE NEWS FOR STUDENTS
AUTHORITY
CHECK THE AUTHOR/PUBLISHER INFORMATION
CHECK THE “ABOUT US” TAB 
LOOK UP THE WEBSITE ON Fact check sites
CREDIBILITY
CHECK OTHER NEWS SOURCES 
IS IT A REAL STORY? 
DOES THE STORY EVOKE EMOTION?
DESIGN
LOOK AT THE OVERALL DESIGN
BAD WEB DESIGN, ERRORS, ALL CAPS
DOMAIN
LOOK AT THE DOMAIN NAME
AVOID “LO” “.COM.CO”
RESOURCES: DAILYDOT.COM

15. FIGHTING FAKE NEWS WITH STUDENTS
DEVELOP GOOD NEWS HABITS 
DON’T USE FACEBOOK AS YOUR NEWS READER!
DON’T CLICK ON SENSATIONAL NEWS
DON’T SHARE FAKE NEWS!
FIGHT FAKE WITH GOOD NEWS SOURCES 
KYVL DATABASES
REUTERS, ASSOCIATED PRESS, KENTUCKY.COM
WHEN IN DOUBT USE FACT CHECKING SITES
SNOPES 
POLITIFACT 
FAKE NEWS WATCH 

16. DISCUSSION ACTIVITY – FAKE NEWS LESSONS
ELEMENTARY
ARTHUR'S MEDIA LITERACY
MIDDLE/SECONDARY
NEWS LITERACY PROJECT
HIGH FIVE CURRICULUM
CHECKOLOGY
10 QUESTIONS FOR NEWS DETECTION
CENTER FOR MEDIA LITERACY
Spotting Fake Video
Take Quiz 2!

17. MEDIA LITERACY FUNDAMENTALS
KEY CONCEPT #1: ALL MEDIA MESSAGES ARE CONSTRUCTIONS 
KEY CONCEPT #2: THE MEDIA CONTAIN BELIEF AND VALUE MESSAGES
 KEY CONCEPT #3: EACH PERSON INTERPRETS MESSAGES DIFFERENTLY

18. MEDIA LITERACY FUNDAMENTALS
KEY CONCEPT #4: THE MEDIA HAVE SPECIAL INTERESTS 
KEY CONCEPT #5: EACH MEDIUM HAS ITS OWN LANGUAGE, STYLE, FORM, TECHNIQUES, CONVENTIONS, AND AESTHETICS 

19. UNDERSTANDING MEDIA TEXTS
MEDIA LITERACY CURRICULUM GRADES 4-6

21. HELP FIGHT FAKE WITH DIGITAL LITERACY!