1. Origins of American Government
Chapter 2
Origins of American Government

2. The English colonists brought…
need for an ordered social system
Concept of government
limited government
government should not be all-powerful.
representative government
government that serves the will of the people.

3. Timeline of American Rights

4. The Thirteen Original Colonies

5. Three types of colonies:
royal colonies - ruled directly by the English monarchy.
proprietary colonies – land granted by king
charter colonies -self-governed

6. Sec 2
The Redcoats are coming!!

7. Colonists Response to British Rule 1754-76
Until the mid-1700s, colonies allowed freedom.
In 1760, King George III imposed new taxes and laws on the colonists.
Stamp Act
Sugar Act
Townsend Act
Intolerable Acts

8. British Colonial Policies
Colonists responded by
Making a confederation
*Not the first time for a confederation*
1600s-New England colonies
1754-Albany Plan of Union
proposed an annual congress
protest

9. Acts by the King Colonial Responses
Stamp Act
Townsend Act
Tea Act
Intolerable Acts
Stamp Act Congress
Sons of Liberty
Boston Massacre
Boston Tea Party
Led to Intolerable Acts
Continental Congress forms

10. Why do people in Boston seem to want to protest more?

11. Adams, Jefferson, Paine Adams urges revolution in Congresses
What was the original purpose of these various Congresses?
Paine-publishes “Common Sense”
What is it about?
What effect does it have?
Jefferson-authors Declaration of Independence
States create their own constitutions

12. Common Features of State Constitutions
Popular Sovereignty
Limited Government
Civil Rights and Liberties
Separation of Powers
Checks and Balances

13. Sec 3 We wanted freedom We wanted to govern ourselves There might be a
concept of TOO
much freedom

14. Creation of the Constitution and Bill of Rights 1781-90
Victorious colonies stay with Articles of Confederation as their government.
What were the positive/negative aspects to this type of government?
Event pushes US to fix their government.
Shay’s Rebellion

15. “a firm league of friendship” among the States.
The Articles of Confederation
“a firm league of friendship” among the States.
Obligations
Obey Congress
Respect the laws of the other States.
Powers
Declare war
Deal with national finance issues
Settle disputes among the States.

18. Sec 4
Roads to a
Working
Constitution

19. Creation of the Constitution and Bill of Rights 1781-90
Constitutional Convention is called.
Issues at first between big state and small states.
Why? What were the plans of big and small states when it came to the legislative branch?

20. Famous Founding Fathers
Leaders of the Philadelphia Convention
James Madison
Governor Morris
Alexander Hamilton
George Washington
Leaders Not Present
Patrick Henry-refused
Samuel Adams-not selected
John Hancock-not selected
Thomas Jefferson-in Paris
Thomas Paine-in Paris
John Adams-in England

21. Conflicting Plans Virginia Plan 3 branches
2 houses of congress – bicameral
Number of reps determined by population
New Jersey Plan
3 branches
1 house of congress
Equal number of reps for all states

22. The Great Compromise Known as the Connecticut Compromise Combine Plans
2 houses of Congress
House of Reps – based on population
Slaves count as 3/5 of a person
Senate – 2 reps per state
Large and Small states benefit

24. Sec 5
Hamilton vs Jefferson
It’s on!

25. Creation of the Constitution and Bill of Rights 1781-90
Constitution drafted Sept 17th, 1787
Disagreement immediately on whether or not it should be approved and ratified.
Two Rival Groups form
Federalist
Anti-Federalist

26. Federalists vs Anti-Federalists
Supported constitution
strong federal gov’t
Would create a strong stable nation
Anti-Federalists
opposed constitution
Power in the states
Federal gov’t would abuse power
Gov’t should be close to home

27. The Federalist Papers-Stats
85 articles
Advocate NY to adopt Constitution
James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay
Explains Constitution and why it was necessary

28. Bill of Rights What are they? Only way states would agree
Only way states would agree
12 Amendments sent around to states for ratification
10 were approved

29. Ratification was not unanimous
Only needed 9/13ths to ratify
Interesting Fact: Not all states had approved the Constitution by Washington’s presidency

30. Inaugurating the Government
new Congress met first time- March 4, 1789
quorum (majority) on April 6
George Washington-unanimously elected by electoral votes & inaugurated on April 30.