1. MODERN EUROPEAN HISTORY
SS6H3 Explain conflict and change in Europe.
MODERN EUROPEAN HISTORY

2. Describe the aftermath of World War I: the rise of communism, the Treaty of Versailles, the rise of Nazism, and worldwide depression.
Explain the rise of Nazism including preexisting prejudices, the use of propaganda, and events which resulted in the Holocaust.
Explain how German reunification contributed to the collapse of the Soviet Union and led to the end of the Cold War.
ELEMENTS

3. ENDURING UNDERSTANDINGS
Conflict and Change: The student will understand that when there is conflict between or within societies, change is the result.
ENDURING UNDERSTANDINGS

4. WORLD WAR I BEGINS IN EUROPE
In 1914, World War I broke out in Europe after the death of Archduke Ferdinand
The war pitted the Central Powers vs. the Allied Powers
Central: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire
Allied: France, England, United States, Russia, Serbia, Belgium
The war would last from , with both sides agreeing to a cease-fire
WORLD WAR I BEGINS IN EUROPE

5. CAUSES OF WORLD WAR I Alliances in Europe Nationalism Militarism
Countries would join forces to help if the other was attacked
Nationalism
Having pride for your own country
Militarism
Building up armies and navies to defend your country
Imperialism
Empire building led to rivalries as countries fought to claim land for their empires
CAUSES OF WORLD WAR I

6. Europe was devastated after World War I with many dead and a lot of destruction for the land in Europe
The Treaty of Versailles
This treaty ended World War I, being signed in Versailles, France in
Germany was placed as the reason for the war
Had to give up their land they acquired
Accept responsibility for the war
Reduce its army and navy
Pay reparations to different countries
The treaty also created the League of Nations (now United Nations)
A group of countries that made sure that other countries would not have a major world conflict
POST WORLD WAR I EUROPE

7. THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION
In 1917, Russian citizens were tired of starving, having no coal as a natural resource and were tired from war. The workers of Russia would overthrow the leader, Tsar Nicholas II, and kill him. A group of radicals called the Bolsheviks took power in Russia. They practiced Communism (system of government in which government owns and controls the economy) and were led by a man named Vladimir Lenin. Lenin and the Bolsheviks renamed Russia the Soviet Union and held power until the end of the 21st century. The Bolsheviks and Lenin were aggressive in retaining power in the Soviet Union
THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION

8. WORLD WIDE DEPRESSION IN EUROPE
European economies after World War I fell into a depression, as money and property values dropped and people lost their jobs
The economies experienced severe inflation, which is when prices rise and money is useless
Depression issues
Property damage
Unpaid bank loans
Lack of trade
Poor industry
WORLD WIDE DEPRESSION IN EUROPE

9. After World War I, Germany’s leaders, the Weimar Republic, faced issues of depression, no jobs for citizens, paying reparations and rioting
Adolf Hitler, the leader of the National Socialist (Nazi) party, took power in He said Germany was wronged in the war and that Aryans were the master race of the world. Hitler became a dictator of Germany and he promised jobs, blamed Jews for the problems in Germany, organized private armies and removed anyone who spoke out against him
THE RISE OF NAZISM

10. NAZI PREJUDICE AND PROPGANDA
Throughout World War II, Nazi Germany practiced constant Anti-Semitism, or a hatred of Jewish people
Citizens of Germany had long shown a strong prejudice towards the Jewish population
Prejudice is a preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience.
After Adolf Hitler took power in Germany, the Nazi Party began to paint Jewish people in a negative light thanks to Nazi propaganda
Propaganda is information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view.
The Nazis used posters, radio broadcasts, movies and other things to persuade Germans to hate the Jewish faith
Many German citizens began to riot and destroy anything related to Jewish people
One of the major events during World War II was the Holocaust in Europe
Adolf Hitler rounded up over 6 million Jews in Europe and placed them in concentration camps
Jews were blamed for Germany’s loss in World War I
Jews were killed, tortured, experimented on, enslaved and beaten
Many survivors of the Holocaust were afraid to return to Europe because of restrictions on Jews
NAZI PREJUDICE AND PROPGANDA

11. PICTURES OF THE HOLOCAUST

12. After World War II, the United States and the Soviet Union disagreed on dividing up the land. Western Europe was left alone, while Eastern Europe was controlled by the Soviet Union, who established Communist governments. The U.S. and Soviet Union became the two most powerful countries in the world, called superpowers The U.S. did not like the Soviet Union imposing Communism in the world, and both sides began to practice militarism, though no actual fighting happened. This is called a “cold war.” Both the U.S. and Soviet Union also fought over space technology and alliances in Africa and Asia. Because of the Soviets’ ways, their country lost money, had food issues, and constant mistrusting of the government
THE RISE OF THE COLD WAR

13. THE END OF THE COLD WAR AND THE FALL OF THE BERLIN WALL
In 1991, the Soviet President, Mikal Gorbachev, and Russian President, Boris Yeltsin, agreed to a break up of the Soviet Union
Ukraine, Russia and Belarus agreed to end Communism
The Soviet Union became the Russian Republic
15 other countries, such as Uzbekistan, Croatia, Bosnia, and Lithuania, were created
In 1989, the Berlin Wall, which separated East Germany and West Germany, finally was taken down after Communism fell
After WWII, East Germany was controlled by the Communists, while West Germany was controlled by the Allied Powers
The wall was built to keep both sides from crossing into the other side
Germany was reunited in 1990 and set up with a democratic government
THE END OF THE COLD WAR AND THE FALL OF THE BERLIN WALL