1. Causes of the Revolt The Texas Revolution The Aftermath

2. Westward Movement Americans “wanted” to expand to the West
Americans especially in the Southern region “wanted” to expand slavery
Americans “wanted” to expand their type of civilization and Christianity to “lesser people”

3. A History of Texas
Americans are invited to settle the region of Tejas by the Mexican government in 1821 under the empresario system they are required to become Mexican citizens
By 1830 Americans outnumber native Mexicans
Disagreements will arise over slavery, religion and language

4. Causes of the Texas Revolution
Negligence- Mexico allowed Anglos to run their own affairs in government
Racism- Both sides feel that they are better than one another
Cultural Differences- Mexicans are Christians and speak Spanish; Anglos refuse to learn Mexican culture

5. Causes of the Texas Revolution
Slavery- Mexico had outlawed slavery in 1830 but Anglos continue to bring them
Government- Anglos believe in state’s right, Mexico believes in a strong central government

6. Santa Anna
Mexican president who seeks to put down Texas Revolution and gain power over Mexico
He orders the siege of the Alamo
The purpose of executing survivors was to end rebellion

7. The Mexican Response
The Mexican Government passes the Law of April 6, 1830 to stop Anglos from immigrating to Texas
Anglos believe that they are rebelling against an oppressive government again

8. William B. Travis
South Carolinian who flees to Texas after abandoning his family
Practices law and becomes a leading voice in the rebellion against Mexico
Becomes the commander at the Alamo and is killed at its siege on March 6, 1836
Most of the defenders at the Alamo are not from Texas most are from the South

9. The Alamo, March
Siege of Texian forces led by William Travis and Jim Bowie, Feb 23-March 6, 1836
Close to 187 Texians and Tejanos fight a Mexican army of 2,000 men at the Alamo mission
All Texians are killed and the Alamo becomes a symbol of heroism and rallies Texians to fight

11. Sam Houston Virginian who makes Texas his home
Commander of Texan army who overtakes Santa Anna’s army at San Jacinto, Texas and gives Texas independence from Mexico

12. San Jacinto, April 21, 1836
April 21, 1836 forces led by Houston defeat tired Mexican forces under Santa Anna
Fighting lasted 20 minutes but slaughter continues until evening over 630 Mexicans killed
Massacre is revenge driven for the Alamo and Goliad

14. Treaty of Velasco, May 14, 1836
Treaty gives Texas it’s independence also boundary between Mexico and Texas established
Texas argues that Rio Grande is boundary but Mexico argues that it is the Nueces River
This will come back and haunt both countries

15. Texas Becomes A Republic
Republic:a form of government in which people elect representatives to govern them
Texas eventually will be annexed by the United States and become the 28th state of the United States
Annexation: the process of making a territory part of a nation

16. The Mexican American War 1846-1848

17. Annexation of Texas President Polk
Many Texans want to join the U.S. after it became independent.
Mexico warned the U.S. to not annex, or take control of, Texas
President Polk offered to buy California
Mexicans were convinced the U.S. intended to take the entire continent.
They refused to sell California.
President Polk

18. The War Begins
April 25, 1846 Mexican and American forces clashed in disputed territory
Texas boundary dispute
11 American soldiers killed
U.S. declared war two days later
American armies moved into California, New Mexico, and Texas to defend territories
California and New Mexico surrendered

19. Mexican American War: Invading Mexico
Zachary Taylor at his encampment during the Mexican War
Zachary Taylor led 6,000 U.S. troops into Mexico
Santa Ana led an army of 20,000
Both met near Monterey in 1847
Santa Ana retreated

20. Battles
Winfield Scott led navy to Vera Cruz and captured it on March 27 with 10,000 troops
Mexican army made a last stand at Chapultapec Castle, Sept. 13, 1847
Los Niño's Heroes
Mexico surrendered February 2, 1848
Battle of Vera Cruz fought in March of 1847

21. The Mexican-American War, 1846-1848

22. American Territorial Acquisition
Emigrant party on the road to California

23. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Officially ended the Mexican-American War in 1848
Mexican Cession included present-day California, Nevada, and Utah, & parts of Arizona, New Mexico, & Wyoming
Mexico was paid $15 Million
Another $3 million in debt was forgiven
Increased Size of the U.S. by almost 25%

24. Settlement
Mexicans in the cession areas were “protected in the free enjoyment of their liberty and property, and secured in the free exercise of their religion.”
Americans began to flood into the Southwest
Discrimination forced many Mexicans out of the territory
High Taxes & Racism

25. Mexican Cession

26. Gadsden Purchase of 1853
U.S. paid Mexico $10 million for southern parts of present-day Arizona and New Mexico.
This land was needed
for the expansion of
the Railroads.

27. Manifest Destiny is Fulfilled The belief that the United States, having the best government and culture in the world, had the right and duty to control all lands from the Atlantic to the Pacific. It was also based on racism, that Americans were superior to Indians and Mexicans, which meant they had the right to these lands.