1. SPACE A Journey To Mars Part 2: and Software Development
James Burk – Manager of PM –

2. AGENDA FOR TODAY’S PRESENTATION:
Mars Facts
Why Mars?
History & Recent Robotic Missions
Why haven’t we gone yet?!?
How to get people to Mars
What is being done now
The Near Future:
The Far Future: 2117
How can you help?

3. Mars has ½ the diameter of Earth.
Mars Facts:
Mars has ½ the diameter of Earth.
Mars has the same surface area as the Earth’s non-water land area.
Mars has 38% as much gravity as Earth. (The Moon: 16.6%)
Mars’s day is 24 hours and 39.5 minutes – very similar to Earth.
Mars’s axis tilt creates seasons much like the Earth.
A Year on Mars is 1.8 Earth Years.
It’s much colder on Mars than Earth. (Mean temp −82 °F)
The atmosphere of Mars is much thinner than the Earth’s and is 96% carbon dioxide (CO2) with traces of nitrogen, argon, oxygen & water.
There is red dust (iron oxide) everywhere on Mars.
Mars has water ice on the polar caps, and water underground.
Mars has two small moons “Phobos & Deimos” which are captured asteroids.
Mars has a “Grand Canyon” that is as long & wide as the entire U.S.
Mars has the tallest mountain in the Solar System – Olympus Mons.
Mars lost its magnetosphere 4 billion years ago.
Mars was once a warmer and wetter planet, like the Earth, and could be like that again! (more later….)
Mars has ½ the diameter of Earth.
Mars has the same surface area as the Earth’s non-water land area.
Mars has 38% as much gravity as Earth. (The Moon: 16.6%)
Mars’s day is 24 hours and 39.5 minutes – very similar to Earth.
Mars’s axis tilt creates seasons much like the Earth.
A Year on Mars is 1.8 Earth Years.

4. REASONS TO SEND PEOPLE TO MARS:
We can’t stay on Earth forever.
To Understand Mars
To Discover Life in the Universe
To Help Understand Earth
For the Challenge of It.
For the Youth. STEM education.
We can make humans a multi-planet species.
For the Martians!

6. Recent Robotic Missions
Mars Exploration Rovers: Spirit and Opportunity (2003)
Mars Pathfinder (1997)
Comparison of recent rovers

7. Curiosity Rover (2012)

8. Why Aren’t We On Mars Yet?
Werner Von Braun tried…
Both of the Bushes tried…
In the US, it takes a leader with vision.
Both Bushes tried to get things moving
Bush Sr. (1989) – SEI. 90 day report.
Bush Jr (2004) – NASA administrator was incompetent, wasted 2 years. Obama came in and cancelled the program. Replaced it with “Journey to Mars” which has no details after Obama’s 2nd term. Trump has already cancelled it.
Instead we built these…

9. Right now, NASA's annual budget is half a penny on your tax dollar
Right now, NASA's annual budget is half a penny on your tax dollar. Most Americans spent less than $9 on NASA through personal income tax.

10. How to get to Mars:
Build a Heavy Lift Rocket is affordable and reliable.
Come up with a plan to get people there.
Fund the plan!
The US had the Saturn V but stopped making them in the early 1970s and converted everything to Shuttle. So that’s not an option, and we need a new one.

11. How to get to Mars:
Build a Heavy Lift Rocket is affordable and reliable.
Come up with a plan to get people there.
Fund the plan!
The US had the Saturn V but stopped making them in the early 1970s and converted everything to Shuttle. So that’s not an option, and we need a new one.

12. Elon Musk The Real “Rocket Man”
SpaceX is crushing it.
… what if Elon gets hit by a bus? Plus let’s up the ante

13. Jeff Bezos

14. Heavy Lift Rockets

15. How to get to Mars:
Build a Heavy Lift Rocket is affordable and reliable.
Come up with a plan to get people there.
Fund the plan!
The US had the Saturn V but stopped making them in the early 1970s and converted everything to Shuttle. So that’s not an option, and we need a new one.

16. The Mars Direct Plan
Dr. Robert Zubrin
ISRU makes the mission work.

17. The Mars Society: To Explore and Settle A New World!
I’ve been a volunteer for them nearly 20 years.
Mars Desert Research Station
near Hanksville, Utah

18. Permanent Settlements
NASA/Mars Direct
SpaceX Mars Colony
Hillside Settlement
The Mars Foundation

19. It will take us all working together!!

20. It will take us all working together!!
India

21. Russia It will take us all working together!!
Russia Has a Crazy Plan to Fly to Mars in 45 Days Using Nuclear Power ,
Russia has always been a space pioneer. 1st Satellite, 1st Animals in Space, 1st Man in Space, 1st Woman in Space, 1st Spacewalk, 1st probes to reach the moon (orbit & surface), 1st remote controlled rover on another body (the Moon)

22. China China It will take us all working together!!
China’s plan to build a “Mars village” on a remote plateau in the country’s far northwest will cost about 400 million yuan (US$61.1 million),
China

23. Near Future –
SpaceX’s rockets, Blue Origin, & NASA SLS all come online, sending larger payloads.
First human landing on Mars!
Permanent base created
First colonists arrive (one way trip)
Mars becomes an example for other human exploration missions (Europa, Enceladus, Titan, Ceres/Vesta)
Space colonization begins in earnest on the Moon & LEO.
We begin to solve Earth’s problems using what we learned.

24. Space Elevators
Space Colonies
The World of 2117
Mining Asteroids

25. Terraforming Mars The World of 2117 “Terraform” – to make like Earth.
3 Easy steps to Terraform Mars:
Create a massive magnetic field around Mars to protect it from the Sun.
Import a bunch of greenhouse gases like ammonia & CFCs.
Warm up the planet – maybe by setting off some nuclear bombs!
Once you did these three things, the water ice would start to melt and sublime into the atmosphere, creating a virtuous feedback loop which would result in a breathable atmosphere and shirt-sleeve temperatures.
It’s easy!!
Might take longer than 100 years…
The World of 2117

26. How you can help
Get the Word Out about going to Mars. Talk to your friends and elected officials. This is the #1 thing that regular people can do to help make this real.
Kids should study Science, Technology, Engineering & Math (STEM).
Join & Support Space Advocacy groups like The Mars Society, Explore Mars, The Mars Foundation, National Space Society, Planetary Society, The Moon Society, The Mars Generation.
Create New Technologies that enable the public outreach, exploration, and settlement of Mars. Data Science to analyze science results. Virtual Reality to experience being on the surface of Mars. 3-D Printing of spacecraft hardware and Mars bases.

27. Resources Mars Facts TED talk about Mars (Video)
History of Mars Exploration
Mars Curiosity Rover Pictures
Elon Musk – Making Life Multiplanetary (Video)
The Mars Society’s Founding Declaration
The Mars Direct Plan | Youtube Channel
Pictures from India’s Mars Mission