1. Definition, Offenders and Goals and Functions of Corrections
Chapter 1
Definition, Offenders and Goals and Functions of Corrections
Copyright © 2017 Gary F. Cornelius. All rights reserved.

2. What is Corrections?
Corrections: a set of agencies, both public and private, that attempt to control the behavior of persons either accused of or convicted of a criminal offense—a violation of the law.
Underlying foundation is social control: the set of methods that are designed to encourage or force people to obey the norms of society
(Quinn, 1999).
Copyright © 2017 Gary F. Cornelius. All rights reserved.

3. Corrections includes:
Government agencies
Facilities
Programs
Procedures
Personnel
Techniques
Involving the investigation, intake, custody, confinement, supervision, and treatment of adult offenders/inmates, delinquent juveniles, or status offenders whether they are accused, adjudicated, or convicted.
Copyright © 2017 Gary F. Cornelius. All rights reserved.

4. Correctional Staff
All of the workers in a correctional facility, including but not limited to:
Correctional officers, managers, directors
Medical officers/staff
Counselors
Program people
Service people—maintenance, cooks, clerks, etc.
Copyright © 2017 Gary F. Cornelius. All rights reserved.

5. Who are the offenders? To answer involves asking two questions:
What should we [the correctional system] do with them?
Discussion
Copyright © 2017 Gary F. Cornelius. All rights reserved.

6. Offenders
Offender: a person convicted or adjudicated of a criminal offense or a violation of criminal law.
Juvenile: any individual who is subjected to the juvenile court jurisdiction for the purposes of adjudication and treatment based on his or her age (under age 18) and the limitation of offenses as defined by state law.
Civil commitment: the action of a judicial officer, court or administrative body ordering a person to be confined in an institution or facility for custody, treatment, protection or deportation, including those administered by a mental health service.
Copyright © 2017 Gary F. Cornelius. All rights reserved.

7. Other Types of Offenders
Civil commitment includes indefinite commitment to a mental institution of habitual sex offenders, sexual predators, and predators after completion of a prison sentence.
Illegal aliens: apprehended due to entering the U.S. illegally; held in custody of Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE).
Copyright © 2017 Gary F. Cornelius. All rights reserved.

8. Juveniles Some are judged to be dependent or neglected.
Delinquent: only category of juveniles involving criminal acts. They committed acts that would be adult crimes, violated juvenile regulations, or are incorrigible (unmanageable).
Juvenile detention centers: facilities designed to provide specialized programming to prepare the juveniles to return to society.
Copyright © 2017 Gary F. Cornelius. All rights reserved.

9. The Goals & Functions of Corrections
Main functions and goals of corrections:
deterrence,
incapacitation/isolation,
rehabilitation,
reintegration and control, and
retribution.
Disagreements and different philosophies. among criminologists, social workers, sociologists, law enforcement & courts on how to handle offenders.
Copyright © 2017 Gary F. Cornelius. All rights reserved.

10. Correctional Ideology
Functions of corrections are based on three philosophies or ideologies. Punishment Treatment Prevention Correctional ideology: a body of ideas and practices that pertain to the processing of offenders as determined by the law.
Copyright © 2017 Gary F. Cornelius. All rights reserved.

11. The full set of 622 slides is available upon adoption of The Correctional Officer, Third Edition. If you have adopted the book and are using it for a class, please contact Beth to request your slides.
Copyright © 2017 Gary F. Cornelius. All rights reserved.