1. MANDATOS
(Imperative mood)

2. “Mandatos” are commands.
There are 2 main types of commands:  
 Formal (usted)
 Informal (tú)
and
They are used in different situations- just like the tú form and the usted form.

3. Why are there different types of commands you ask???
A couple things about commands...
Commands are telling someone either TO do something or NOT to do something.
Think of them as direct orders.
The biggest mistake Spanish learners make is assuming the the “tú” form of a verb is 
​its command form…IT IS NOT!!!
Why are there different types of commands you ask???
Well, like other things in Spanish it depends on who you are talking to.
For example, is it 1 person or more than 1? Is it someone you’re 
​familiar with or someone you should show respect to?
All of this makes a difference in what command form you would 
​use.

4. or It also makes a difference whether you’re:
 telling someone to do something
 (affirmative command)
 telling them not to do something
 (negative command). or

5. It is the PRESENT TENSE él/ella/usted form of the verb.
Let’s start with INFORMAL COMMANDS
Informal commands are also known as “tú” commands because it is the informal “you”
Informal (tú) AFFIRMATIVE Commands
Telling someone you're familiar 
​with TO do something
It is the PRESENT TENSE él/ella/usted form of the verb.
That’s it…except you have to remember stem-changers and irregulars
Por ejemplo:
Tomar
Leer
Empezar
Cerrar
toma
lee
empieza
cierra
(take/drink)
(read)
(begin)
(close)
(e-ie)
(e-ie)

6. 1. Comer 2. Hablar 3. Dormir 4. Pensar 5. Comprar 6. Estudiar
Now you try it.
On a separate sheet of paper, write out the tú affirmative command form for each of the following verbs:
1. Comer
2. Hablar
3. Dormir
4. Pensar
5. Comprar
6. Estudiar
7. Servir
8. Escuchar
9. Escribir
10. Abrir
Get this checked before moving on...

7. Venir Decir Salir Hacer Tener Ir Poner Ser Ven Di Sal Haz Ten Ve Pon
Those were “regular” affirmative informal commands….let’s talk about the irregulars
Vin Diesel is going to help you remember them
Remember this phrase: Vin Diesel has ten weapons, eh?
Venir
Decir
Salir
Hacer
Tener Ir
Poner
Ser
Ven Di
Sal
Haz
Ten Ve
Pon Sé
You need to MEMORIZE these!
And remember that they are:
Affirmative Infomal (tu) IRREGULARS

8. Informal (tú) NEGATIVE Commands
Telling someone you're familiar 
​with NOT to do something
Follow these steps to form these commands:
*remember yo-go's
and stem-changers!!!
1  Conjugate verb in the Present Tense YO form
2  Drop the O
3  Add opposite endings:
 For -ar verbs add es
  For -er/-ir verbs add as
4  Write "NO" in front
Por ejemplo:
1. Tomar  tomo  No tomes  (Don't take/drink)
2. Leer  leo   No leas  (Don't read)
3. Cerrar  cierro  No cierres  (Don't close)

9. 1. Comer 2. Hacer 3. Dormir 4. Pensar 5. Comprar 6. Decir 7. Servir
Now you try it.
On your sheet of paper, write out the tu Negative command form for each of the following verbs:
1. Comer
2. Hacer
3. Dormir
4. Pensar
5. Comprar
6. Decir
7. Servir
8. Escuchar
9. Tener
10.Abrir
Get this checked before moving on...

10. Dar No dés Ir No vayas Ser No seas Haber* No hayas Estar No estés
Informal NEGATIVE IRREGULAR Commands
Remember the word:  DISHES
Dar Ir
Ser
Haber*
Estar
Saber
No dés
No vayas
No seas
No hayas
No estés
No sepas
* haber is a special 
​verb, we'll talk about 
​it in more detail at a 
​later time.
(in Spanish 3)

11. (z-c) (g-gu) Remember: -car -gar -zar no saques (c-qu) no pagues
ALSO, some negative informal commands have spelling changes
CAR/GAR/ZAR verbs. These spelling changes apply in the command forms as well.
Remember:
-car
-gar
-zar
no saques
sacar
pagar
empezar
(c-qu)
no pagues
(g-gu)
(z-c)
no empieces*
* Notice the stem-change for empezar