1. Chapter 5 Nonverbal Communication
Embracing Difference Fourth Edition
Dunn and Goodnight
Chapter 5
Nonverbal Communication
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2. Nature of Nonverbal Communication
It can be intentional or unintentional.
It can be ambiguous.
It is multi-channeled.
It is culturally bound.
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3. Nonverbal Communication... Types and Functions
Kinesics
The study of bodily movements
Proxemics
The study of space as it relates to human interaction
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4. Nonverbal Communication...Kinesics
Emblems
Bodily motions that take the place of words
Raising your hand signaling a question in class
Holding out your palm to signal a stop
A wave hello
A ‘time-out” motion in basketball
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5. Nonverbal Communication...Kinesics
Illustrators
Nonverbal symbols that reinforce a verbal message
Slamming a door after a verbal argument
A hug accompanied by “I missed you”
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6. Nonverbal Communication...Kinesics
Affect Displays
Nonverbal signs that show our emotional state
Facial expressions showing happiness, surprise, fear, or anger
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7. Nonverbal Communication...Kinesics
Regulators
Nonverbal behavior used to control, or regulate, communication between people
Checking your watch and packing up your backpack as the end of class approaches
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8. Nonverbal Communication...Kinesics
Adaptors
Nonverbal behaviors individuals use to adjust to or to cope with uncomfortable communication situations
Tapping a foot or twirling hair to cope with anxiety
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9. Nonverbal Communication... Touch
Touch is a form of nonverbal communication that conveys a wide range of emotions.
A kiss
A hug
Holding a hand
Touching a shoulder
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10. Nonverbal Communication... Paralanguage
The vocal aspect of delivery that accompanies speech and other nonverbal utterances.
Pitch → the tone
Volume → the loudness
Rate → the speed
Quality → the richness of one’s voice
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11. Nonverbal Communication... Silence
Silence is the absence of using your voice.
When we choose not to speak, we send a strong message to others.
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12. Nonverbal Communication... Proxemics
Personal Space
The area that exists between ourselves and others
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13. Nonverbal Communication... Personal Space
Intimate Distance – 0” to 18”
Personal Distance – 18” to 4’
Social Distance – 4’ to 12’
Public Distance – 12’ or more
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14. Nonverbal Communication... Personal Space
Territory
Space that we stake out as our own
Special chair at home, our desk, even your chosen seat in class
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15. Nonverbal Communication... Appearance
Physical Appearance and Clothing
Perceptions of our appearance affect our opportunities to establish relationships
Part of the message we send to others, intentionally or unintentionally
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16. Nonverbal Communication... Chronemics
How we use time
Tardiness can be seen as an insult, lack of caring, or lack of professionalism
Value promptness because it communicates caring, respect, and professionalism
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17. Nonverbal Communication... Ways to Improve It
Explore all meanings
Nonverbal messages can have a variety of meanings
Remain open-minded and consider the various meanings of a message
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18. Nonverbal Communication... Ways to Improve It
Look for nonverbal messages that are consistent with verbal statements
Since nonverbal messages are more spontaneous than verbal, they more accurately reflect our feelings
When the verbal and nonverbal are inconsistent, ask for clarification
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19. Nonverbal Communication... Ways to Improve It
Use questions and descriptive feedback
Perception checking is a verbal statement that reflects our understanding of a nonverbal message
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20. Nonverbal Communication... Ways to Improve It
Monitor your own use of nonverbal communication
Self-reflection is always the first step to understanding and practicing effective communication
Think about messages you may be sending intentionally and unintentionally
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