1. Nuclear Safety Culture Construction in China
Zhang Li
Nuclear safety technical support center of CAEA
Vienna
Nuclear Safety Technical Support Center of CAEA

2. Who are we & What we do?
Nuclear Safety Technical Support Center of CAEA: National regulatory organization
Core duty: daily/annual inspection of nuclear facilities, develop regulations/standards for radiation and nuclear safety, review and evaluate license applications, draft national decommission plan
Target facilities: research reactor operators/nuclear fuel cycle facilities/tailing ponds/nuclear equipment manufactories/nuclear material holders
Nuclear Safety Technical Support Center of CAEA

3. Current situation of nuclear safety culture construction in China
The first assessment: Qinshan NPP, September 2011, CNNC Nuclear Power Company, based on the 8 principles of excellent nuclear safety of CNNC.
Strong calling for developing relevant standards & carrying out formal assessment activities: 36 NPPs in operation with a total installed capacity of 33 million 500 thousand kilowatts; 21 NPPs under construction with a total installed capacity of 23 million 435 thousand kw, until December, 2016.
“The Nuclear Safety Culture Policy Statement”, released in 2014, 8 traits.
Nuclear safety culture assessment document system of NPPs.
“Nuclear safety culture features”, NNSA-HAJ , detailed explanation of the 8 traits of the statement, 36 attributes and 154 examples of practice in NPPs.
Work to be done: standards & guidelines for nuclear facilities except NPPs.
Nuclear Safety Technical Support Center of CAEA

4. Case 1: nuclear safety culture assessment of NPPs in CNNC-Framework
10 Principles for Excellence in CNNC Nuclear Safety Culture, 10 traits, 46 attributes.
According to IAEA/INPO/WANO & their own experience, combined with the “Policy statement” and ”Traits of a healthy nuclear safety culture”
Personal accountability(PA.1-PA.3)
Questioning attitude(QA.1-QA.4)
Communication(CO.1-CO.4)
Leadership accountability(LA.1-LA.7)
Respectful work environment(WE.1-WE.6)
Decision-making(DM.1-DM.4)
Nuclear specificity(NS.1-NS.5)
Problem identification and resolution(PI.1-PI.4)
Learning organization(LO.1-LO.6)
Public relation(PR.1-PR.3)
Nuclear Safety Technical Support Center of CAEA

5. Case 1: nuclear safety culture assessment of NPPs in CNNC - Procedure
Preparation: organize a team, assessor training, questionnaire survey, AIP file review, operator preparation(12 months before the assessment)
On-site assessment: interview, observation, document review(1 week)
Follow-up actions: assessment reports, corrective action plans, continuous tracking & assessment(24 months)
Survey data Survey result analysis Example: Observation record
Nuclear Safety Technical Support Center of CAEA

6. Case 1: nuclear safety culture assessment of NPPs in CNNC – result & challenge
4 assessment activities: Qinshan Phase 1, Jiangsu Nuclear Power Corp, CNNC Nuclear Power Operation Management Co., Ltd, Sanmen Nuclear Power Corp
Sanmen:1058 questionnaires, 63 on-site interviews, 559 data points in 2014
Strong: LA.1- safety commitment; NS.1- recognize the uniqueness of nuclear technology; PI.3- timely and effective solution; QA.2- pause when uncertain.
Weak: WE.1- respect each other; LO.5- training; LA.5- provide resources; PI.2- problem evaluation.
Challenge: conflict - nuclear safety culture and conventional safety culture; loss - dispersion and loss of experienced personnel due to large number of NPPs started construction at the same time; diluted – non-nuclear-field personnel/contractors.
Nuclear Safety Technical Support Center of CAEA

7. Case 2: North nuclear fuel element Co., Ltd.-Framework
focus on timely improvements of behavior
Framework: 11 core concepts of DuPont STOP(Safety Training Observation Program)
The six step procedure: Observation-Praise-Discussion – Communication-Inspiration-Thanks.
Encourage safety behavior-repeated safety behavior forms physical memory-behavior change attitudes-improvement in safety sense
On-site observation management system
Nuclear Safety Technical Support Center of CAEA

8. Case 2: North nuclear fuel element Co., Ltd.-Practice
Observer team: management personnel at all level, technical personnel.
Observer training: operation procedures
On-site observation
Discussion Seminar with front-line workers
Internal meeting of observation team
Data and documents: observation & guide record table, data statistics table, observation report, improvement tracking list, inspiration list.
Appraisal activities: model teams, good practices, excellent observers
Example of good practices: Hand gesture communication in noisy working environment; making "praise safety behavior" board
Nuclear Safety Technical Support Center of CAEA

9. North nuclear fuel element Co., Ltd.-Practice
– now, 45 intensive observations, 168 cross observations, independent observations, 575 observation reports
an observer team of 76 personnel, an independent on-site observation working group.
Identified 1208 good practices, 1119 unsafe behaviors and hidden dangers, corrective actions were taken immediately, and put forward 1439 improvement items (completed 1365 items) and 345 inspiration items (303 completed)
Improvement direction: revise documents, analyze the root cause, bring in higher leadership, strengthen front-line worker learning.
Nuclear Safety Technical Support Center of CAEA

10. Thank you for your attention！
Nuclear Safety Technical Support Center of CAEA