1. SPAIN: LIBERAL MONARCHY TO REPUBLIC

2. INTRODUCTION
Spain experienced a period of political upheavals along the 19th due to:
claims to the throne
military revolts
demands for greater democracy

3. 1. SPAIN FROM LIBERAL MONARCHY TO REPUBLIC
1833
1868
Spain experienced series of political upheavals in the mid-19th century. These included conflicting claims to the throne, military revolts ans demands for greater democracy.
For a short period Spain became a republic.
Monarchy R
Monarchy
Absolutism L A
Liberalism
Carlos IV
Fernando VII
Isabel II
R.S.
Alfonso XII
XIX Century SPAIN

4. 2. SPAIN FROM LIBERAL MONARCHY TO REPUBLIC
S. XIX: IDEOLOGIES
Absolutists
Apostolicals
Carlists
Moderats Narvaez
Monàrquics
Liberals
Unionistes Unió liberal O’donnell
Republicans
Federalists: Pi and Margall
Unitarians: Castelar
Radicals
Progressists Espartero and Prim
Democrats

5. 3. The reign of Isabel II ( 1833 - 1868 )
This reign meant:
1. the end of the absolutism.
2. The establishment of a liberal constitutional monarchy.
The Queen had a high but limited by the constitution.
The Queen had the support of:
-Moderate Liberal Party….. (strong royal authority & limited male suffrage)
-Progressive Liberal Party…. (limited royal authority & universal male suffrage)
There were various constitutions:
-1834 (Royal Statute , Moderates), 1837 (Progressives),
-1845 (Moderates), 1856 (Not enacted, Progressives),
Military participated in politics with revolts “pronunciamientos” to acquire more power.
New contitutions were propsed and limited male suffrafe was established
The military took part in politics and caused revolts in order to get more power
Two regents governed in Isabel’s place:
Maria Cristina
General Espartero
The First Carlist War took place during this period ( )

6. The first carlist war
The first Carlist War lasted more than seven years and the fighting spanned most of the country at one time or another, although the main conflict centered on the Carlist homelands of the Basque Country and Aragon, Catalonia and Valencia.
The First Carlist War by Ferrer Dalmau

7. THE FIRST CARLIST WAR MAP

8. 4. THE GLORIOUS REVOLUTION
The first attempt to establish democracy in Spain is called the Glorious Revolution
The Constitution of 1869 was approbed.
Universal manhood suffrage was approved with this constitution
This attempt to establish democracy was followed by the Six Revolutionary Years. There were two political systems in Spain:
DEMOCRATIC MONARCHY ( )
THE FIRST REPUBLIC ( )

9. 4.1. POLITICAL SYSTEMS A) DEMOCRATIC MONARCHY
Amadeo de Savoy became King of Spain
He abdicated as the republicans and the Carlists rejected him.
The supporters of Alfonso opposed to him.
Amadeo of Savoy

10. The First Republic faced many problems:
B) THE FIRST REPUBLIC
The First Republic faced many problems:
Demands for greater regional autonomy (Andalucía, Levante and Catalonia).
Republicans were divided among themselves
The Third Carlist War ( ) broke out
Monetary union was achieved during the Six Revolutionary Years →PESETA
There was another military uprising in December It brought the restoration of monarchy → RETURN OF BOURBON MONARCHY
Bourbon coat of arms

11. IMPORTANT BIOGRAPHIES
Maria Cristina
General Baldomero Espartero

12. MARIA CRISTINA She was born in Palermo, Sicily in 1806.
Francis I of the Two Sicilies (king of Naples) was her father and María Isabella of Spain was her mother
She became Fernando VII's, who was her uncle, wife when she was 26 years old.
She wanted that her daughter, Isabel II to become Queen as she didn't give birth to any boy.
Before he died in 1833, he signed a document which said that Isabel II would be Queen of Spain
Maria Cristina became her daughter's regent
On 28 December 1833, shortly after the death of Ferdinand VII, Maria Christina had secretly married an ex-sergeant from the royal guard, Agustín Fernando Muñoz (1808–1873). Maria Christina and Muñoz had several children together while trying to keep their marriage a secret.
Maria Christina died in Le Havre, France on 22 August As the widow of Ferdinand VII and the mother of Isabella II, Maria Christina was buried in the royal crypt of El Escorial monastery.

13. GENERAL BALDOMERO ESPARTERO
He was born in Granátula de Catatrava, Ciudad Real on 27th February 1793
He was a Spanish general and political figure
He was associated with the radical or progressive winf of Spain liberalism and would become their symbol and champion after taking credit over the Carlists in 1839.
He had noble titles such as:
- Duke of La Victoria (granted by Isabel II)
- Prince of Vergara (granted by King Amadeo, 1870.
He died on 8th January 1879 in Logroño, La Rioja