1. A. Nuclear Forces Do nuclei contain attractive or repulsive forces?
repulsion
attraction

2. + + A. Nuclear Forces Strong Nuclear Force (SNF)
binds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus.
stronger than electric repulsive force over very short distances. + +

3. A. Nuclear Forces Effect of Size on SNF
more protons, more electric repulsion
larger, more unstable (↑ 83 protons)
Small Nucleus
Large Nucleus
attraction
repulsion
attraction
repulsion

4. B. Nuclear Reactions Transmutation +
change of an atom of one element (atom) to an atom of different element
identity changes by changing # of PROTONS (At #)
Nuclear rxns change nuclei and protons (At #) to make different elements
Chemical rxns transfer or share electrons to rearrange atoms +

5. E = mc2 B. Nuclear Reactions Nuclear Binding Energy 671 million mph!!!
the energy released when a nucleus is formed.
little mass converted to LOTS of energy
E = mc2
671 million mph!!!

6. Nuclear Fission of Uranium-235
B. Fission
splitting a larger nucleus into smaller nuclei or particles
Nuclear Fission of Uranium-235

7. Nuclear Fission of Uranium-235
B. Fission
Nuclear Fission of Uranium-235

8. Nuclear Power Plant (Fission Reactor)
B. Fission

9. B. Fission Storage of Radioactive Waste
spent fuel rods in water pools or dry casks of concrete/steel.

11. C. Fusion combining of 2 nuclei to form 1 larger nucleus
is the product
much more energy
powers stars naturally
high temp plasma

12. Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor
C. Fusion
Fusion reactors (not sustainable)
Princeton
Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor

13. C. Fission vs Fusion Fission Fusion vs. FISSION FUSION 235U is limited
meltdown risk
radioactive waste
less energy
Hydrogen is abundant
no meltdown risk
harmless product
not yet sustainable

14. Quick Quiz! In nuclear reactions, the ________ always changes.
number of electrons
mass number
atomic number
number of neutrons 14

15. Quick Quiz.
E=mc2 shows how a little bit of _________ can be converted into lots of __________.
energy, mass.
mass, energy.
mass, light.
light, energy. 15

16. Quick Quiz. Which statement about nuclear reactions is FALSE?
Heat and light in the sun are produced by hydrogen fusion reactions.
The total mass of the products is slightly less than the total mass of the reactants.
In fusion, nuclei are combined, and in fission, nuclei are split.
Power plants use fusion of H isotopes. 16