1. afarensis
gorilla
habilis
human
boisei
heidelbergensis
erectus
neanderthalensis
ergaster
robustus
chimpanzee

2. ginger
gorilla
skipper
human
curly
bart
ruby
moe
wilma
sam
chimpanzee

3. chimpanzee
gorilla
neanderthal
erectus
boisei
Bart
robustus
Wilma
Curly
Sam
afarensis
habilis
G. Bart
heidelbergensis
E.Wilma (ergaster)

4. H. erectus H. ergaster A.boisei A. robustus H. habilis A. afarensis
H. neanderthalensis
H. heidelbergensis
H. erectus
H. ergaster
A.boisei
A. robustus
H. habilis
A. afarensis
E. Homo ergaster
G. H. heidelbergensis

5. Australopithecus afarensis
(Ginger)
The Skulls
MYA

6. Australopithecus boisei (Curly)
The Skulls
Australopithecus boisei (Curly)
MYA

7. Australopithecus robustus (Sam)
The Skulls
1.8 to 1.2 million years ago

8. Homo habilis (Skipper)
The Skulls
MYA

9. The Skulls
Homo ergaster (Wilma)
2 MYA

10. The Skulls
Homo erectus (Moe)
1.8 MYA– 40,000 years ago

11. Homo heidelbergensis (Bart)
The Skulls
Homo heidelbergensis (Bart)
700,000 to 200,000 years ago

12. Homo neanderthalensis (Ruby)
The Skulls
Homo neanderthalensis (Ruby)
200, ,000 years ago

13. The Skulls
Homo sapiens (Human)
100,000 to present

14. Two Main Hominid Groups
Genus: Australopithecus
Genus: Homo
example:
A. afarensis (“Lucy”)
example:
H. habilis
More recent
(2 MYA – present)
More human-like
Much larger brain
Completely bipedal
Found in Africa, Asia,
and Europe)
Earlier (4 – 1.5 MYA)
More ape-like
Brain size: similar to the size of chimpanzees
First bipedal primates
Found in Africa