1. WEEK 8 EXTRA TIPS

2. Ex. 22: Complete the sentences below with the correct preposition
Ex. 22: Complete the sentences below with the correct preposition. Sometimes both options are possible.
In / During January there was a noticeable rise in the number of cars accelerating in the highway.
Temperatures usually reach a peak at about 1 o’clock in the afternoon.
From 1997 to / until 2006 there was a steady increase in sales of organic produce.
During the 21st century, the percentage of the influence of social media jumped up greatly.
Televisions audience viewing figures rise dramatically after / from 6 o’clock in the evening.
Before / Until / In June, sales figures were low, but later they began to rise rapidly around the globe.
The price of oil had shot up to $70 per barrel by August.
From November until / to the end of the year energy consumption continued to rise.
There has been an absolute decrease in road accidents since the new laws were introduced in 2005.

3. Ex. 23: Now complete the written report for the graph below using the correct preposition given in the box. Sometimes two options are possible.
(1) of
(2) from 
(3) to 
(4) in
(5) over / in
(6) at 
(7) in 
(8) over / in
(9) with
(10) at 
(11) at 
(12) at 
(13) at 
(14) of
(15) over / in
(16) of 
(17) at

4. Ex. 24: Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition from the box
Ex. 24: Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition from the box. There are two correct options for sentence 4.
In May, the current price of gold has risen slightly to $1,500.
Holidays to foreign destinations remained constant at about 85,000 per month for the last two months.
Profits of the company which was founded only 3 years ago have increased from 2 to 4 million dollars recently.
From 2001 to 2010, the price of electricity has increased by / to 125%.
Bike sales reached a peak of 20,000 in September.
There is a sharp increase in traffic levels from 8am to 9am, with nearly 3000 cars travelling on the road.
The last few years have seen a steep increase in the number of poor people who are provided housing.
At the start of the year, the turnover of the company stood at £1.3 million.
During the last year, the number of racist attacks in Europe fluctuated between 5 and 8 per week.
The proportion of resignations fell to a low of 20 per month with new fringe benefits provided to the workers.

5. Ex. 25: Write 3 sentences describing the graph below using "by, of or to".
The number of YTU students who attended Erasmus Programme rose from around 25 in 2005 to about 45 in 2010.
The number for the same programme increased dramatically by nearly 50 students in 2015.
It showed a peak of approximately 120 students in 2017.

6. Between 1990 and 2000 the cost of flights dropped rapidly.
Ex 26: Look at the line graph. Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
The line graph shows the cost of holidays for tourists from 1990 to 2020.
Between 1990 and 2000 the cost of flights dropped rapidly.
The cost of accommodation went down gradually for thirty years after 1950.
It is predicted that the cost of accommodation will stay the same from 2010 to 2020.

7. Ex. 27: Take a look at the line graph below
Ex. 27: Take a look at the line graph below. Answer the questions, then fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs in brackets in the report. Also, be careful with ACTIVE / PASSIVE usage.
The line graph (1) illustrates the financial position of a New Zealand local authority from 2012 to 2022.
It (2) is measured in millions of New Zealand dollars.
Overall, it (3) can be seen that while rates revenue
and user charges (4) are predicted to increase over the period,
borrowings and grants and subsidies (5) will remain much lower.
Rates revenue (6) stood at just under 1.5 billion in 2012,
which (7) was the highest of the four criteria.
Though they (8) remained stable until 2013,
they (9) are expected to climb to approximately 2.4 billion dollars in 2022.
Like rates revenues, user charges (10) are predicted to continuously increase. 
They (11) began the period at 1 billion and
(12) will stand at twice this level by 2022.
Borrowings, on the other hand, (13) are expected to show considerable fluctuation.
Although having initially increased, they (14) dropped to a low of 600 million in 2016, before reaching a peak of just under 1.5 billion in 2020.
Borrowings (15) will finish the period at around the same level that
They (16) began
Grant and subsidies (17) were the lowest of the four, at fewer than 500 million in 2012.
Despite moving up to exceed borrowing briefly in 2016, this low level (18) will continue until 2022.

8. Ex. 28: Check the following paraphrased introduction sentence samples for the question below. Then write a third one on your own.
The line graph depicts the percentage of senior citizens, who are older than 65 years, over a century between 1940 and 2040 in three countries; namely the United States, Sweden and Japan.
The presented line graph demonstrates the proportion of seniors aged 65 and over in the USA, Japan, and Sweden in a century between 1940 and 2040.
The provided illustration compares the growth of people aged 65 and over in three countries; Japan, Sweden and the USA from 1940 to 2040.

9. Ex. 29: Check the following general trend / overview sentence samples for the question below. Then write a third one on your own.
A glance at the graph makes it clear that there has been an increase in the elderly population rate in all countries since 1940 and is predicted to go up gradually until 2040.
In general, the rate of elderly people in all countries has increased and is predicted to jump up continuously during the aforementioned period.
Overall, although initially Japan’s ageing population ratio was lower than that of Sweden and the USA and will remain so till 2030, it is predicted that it will increase significantly afterwards.

10. Ex. 29: Rewrite the following sentences as in the examples:
Overall, the Turkish importers' curiosity level for spice exports from Africa fluctuated considerably between 1990 and 2005.
In general, the percentage how much Turkish importers were curious about spice exports from Africa showed a fluctuation / waved significantly from 1990 to 2005.
A glance at the graph shows that the steel industry in Norway, Finland and Sweden got gradually less willing to make investments because of the current economic conditions from 1960s to 1980s.
Overall, the steel industry in three Scandinavian countries became moderately more unwilling / reluctant to invest due to the current financial atmosphere / situations between 1960s and 1980s.
On balance, the Turkish film industry has encountered a significant rise in box office numbers in the last 10 years.
On the whole, a dramatic increase in ticket sales has been encountered / experienced by the film industry in Turkey in the last decade.
The bar graph illustrates the reasons for preferring housing by students within or outside the YTU campus in the last few years.
The graph presents the reasons why YTU students prefer dormitories inside or outside the campus in the recent years.
The line graph shows the spread tendency of child polio in Turkey in Marmara and Aegean regions in 1930s.
The given line graph depicts the tendency where child polio moved over in Turkey in western regions during 1930s.
The pie charts present the proportions of tourism business in Turkey in collaboration with other sectors in 2000 and 2010.
The supplied charts compare the rates of Turkish tourism sector working with businesses between 2000 and 2010.

11. Ex. 31: Try to write long or complex sentences for the chart below using the given prompts in brackets in the report.
As can be seen from the charts, the proportion of thrillers that won Oscars went down from about half of the total in 2003 to a two-third in 2008.
According to the charts, action films increased from about 20 per cent of the total in 2003 to almost a quarter in 2008.
As diagrams suggest, the proportion of Oscar winners for romance films increased by approximately fifty percent between 2003 and 2008.
The percentage for comedy films which won Oscars stayed the same in 2003 and 2008 at about 5 per cent.

12. Ex. 32: Look at the pie charts below and answer the questions afterwards.
What are the key words in the question?
The pie charts show the main reasons for migration to and from the UK in 2007.
What does the question ask you to do?
The graph asks to summarize and compare the main reasons for migration to and from UK.
Which points can you write about?
Time : In 2007
Theme : Rates of migration
Place and Position : to and from the UK
Main Point : Differences between immigration and emigration in the UK.
General Trend :Main differences occurred in looking for work, formal studies and no reason stated categories for the causes of migration to and from the UK in 2007 whereas definite job, accompany and other categories had similar rates.

13. The graphs illustrate the primary causes
Write an introduction sentence for the pie charts by paraphrasing the key words.
The graphs illustrate the primary causes
why people came to and left the UK during 2007.
of migrating / immigration and emigration from and to
Write a general trend / overview sentence.
Here the first chart represents the immigration reasons to the UK and the second one emigration causes from the UK in percentages. OR
On the whole, it is clear that despite slight differences between two charts, the main factor influencing this decision was employment.

14. (1) (Definite job - with figure) People rating definite job as the most important factor to immigrate to the UK accounted for 30 per cent, which was almost the same for emigration, at 29%. 
(2) (Formal study - with figure) People with a fraction of over a quarter preferred immigrating for this reason. 
(3) (Accompany/Join - with figure) The proportions of those moving to join a family member were quite similar for immigration and emigration, at 15% and 13% respectively.