1. Strategy for Re-Analysis Products
HIRS-HIRS
Handling different dataset versions
Tying one end of series …

2. EUMETSAT Re-Analysis of Meteosat Archive
EUMETSAT plans to process a re-analysis of whole Meteosat archive
Requires development of inter-calibration product
using homogenised HIRS data as a reference, [Shi & Bates, 2011]
based on GSICS methods
EUMETSAT agreed to draft a detailed work plan for these developments, which Tim Hewison will present this at the next GRWG meeting in March 2011, where it will be reviewed and attempts made to coordinate these activities with related activities of other groups.

3. Sustained Climate Information Flow
Satellite & In Situ
Observations
Satellite data
Environmental
Data Records
Long-term Information Preservation
Fundamental
Climate Data
Records
Interim
Thematical
Climate Data Records
Climate
Information
Short scale
physical phenomena
monitoring
Operational Climate
Monitoring supporting
Climate Services
Longer term climate variability
& climate change analysis
Adaptation
+ mitigation planning
(decision making)
Sustained Applications
Major
model-based
Reanalysis
Short and Medium Latency
Re-calibration
Inter-calibration
Reprocessing
Observing system
performance
Monitoring
and automated
corrections
Data conversion
User Services
Archived Satellite Data and
Sustained Coordinated Processing
SCOPE-CM
Climate Information Records (CIRs) provide specific information about environmental phenomena of particular importance to science and society (e.g., hurricane trends, drought patterns)
The term Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) is used to denote a long-term satellite data record, generally involving a series of instruments (all platforms), with potentially changing measurement approaches, but with overlaps, calibration and quality control sufficient to allow the generation of homogeneous products providing a measure of the intended variable that is accurate and stable enough for climate monitoring. FCDRs include the ancillary data used to calibrate them. For “one-off” research type measurements, the principles do not apply, but as many of the other principles as possible (e.g., those for rigorous instrument characterisation prior and during operations, complementarity of surface and satellite-based observations, etc.) should be followed.
The term Product denotes, values of fields of Essential Climate Variables derived from FCDRs. Products may be generated by blending satellite observations and in situ data, or by blending multiple in situ or multiple satellite data sources. Some products are generated within model assimilation schemes. Some satellite-based products are created by using the laws of radiative transfer to retrieve ECVs from the FCDRs. Other documents use the term Thematic Climate Data Record (TCDR) for such products; in the GCOS Implementation Plan , the term Integrated Climate Product was used. The development of products may require strong collaboration between organisations responsible for the generation of datasets (e.g., meteorological services, oceanographic centres, environmental agencies, space agencies) and the separate research or operational groups that generate products, to ensure continuous refinement and extension. Adequate details of the product generation approach need to be documented and made available, along with the products, to ensure repeatability and incremental improvement of the products.
For further discussion of the terms Fundamental Climate Records and Thematic Climate Data Records see e.g. National Research Council (2004): Climate Data records from Environmental Satellites, the National Academic press, Washington D.C., USA, 150pp.

4. METEOSAT 1984-2005 Archive evaluation using radiosondes
Upgrade of calibration technique
(van de Berg, et al., 95)
Upgrade of calibration technique
(Schmetz, 1989)
ISCCP DX Normalized Instead of nominal
Comparisons between the METEOSAT BTs and the simulated BTs from radoisoundings: (+) represent the raw data, (◊) represent the homogeneised data. The histogram shows the nb of soundings used for comparison.
Can we do better than that and extend to SEVIRI?
Courtesy of Helene Brogniez and Rémy Roca, LMD

5. Plan for a MVIRI and SEVIRI Infrared Channel Inter-calibrated Data Set within GSICS
EUMETSAT proposed within GSICS the inter-calibration of the Meteosat IR channels for the complete series of satellites to arrive at a homogeneous data series that is consistent with HIRS;
It will use inter-calibrated HIRS from NOAA/NCDC (adjusted to HIRS on NOAA-12) with GSICS collocation and inter-calibration procedures taking HIRS as truth;
Control inter-calibration in overlapping areas after IODC started;
Derive CSR, AMV and other products from inter-calibrated radiance
Document changes with respect to prior reprocessed data;
Aim to ultimately tie homogenized HIRS time series to MetopA/IASI
Development and implementation targeted for 2011/2012.

6. Inter-Calibration Plan for Meteosat Re-Analysis
From archive of data from:
MVIRI & SEVIRI on Meteosat-2 to -9
HIRS on TIROS-N, NOAA-6 to -17 and Metop-A – Clear Sky radiance only from Shi & Bates [2011]
Compile test dataset from 2004:
MVIRI on Meteosat-5 and -7
HIRS on NOAA-16 and -17
Apply GSICS collocation criteria
These may require fine tuning later
Analyze results of regression of collocated radiances
Using GSICS baseline methodology
Investigate impact of using only clear sky radiances
by comparison with MVIRI-IASI and MVIRI-HIRS results
Conduct Uncertainty Analysis

7. Inter-Calibration Plan for Meteosat Re-Analysis
Make recommendations from this analysis:
Are clear-sky only inter-calibrated HIRS time series adequate for:
UTH applications?
Other applications – e.g. Cloud Top Height?
What levels of uncertainty can be expected?
How stable the Meteosat instruments are?
Do we need to change the collocation smoothing period?
Or do we need to homogenize HIRS data for all-sky conditions?
Summer 2011 Milestone decision: How to proceed…
Discuss GSICS support for other re-analysis plans!

8. Re-Analysis with Radiosonde References
EUMETSAT also plan to evaluate the use of the ARSA database
(Analyzed Radio Soundings Archive) from LMD
With RTTOV (fast RTM)
– compare with collocated Meteosat radiances
As validation for inter-calibration
GRUAN-GSICS Coordination:
It could it be good to address the GRUAN and the connect to GSICS? I will forward you relevant discussions from the last GCOS/AOPC meeting. Idea would be to use WV radiance spectra from IASI and AIRS and compare with calculated spectra from GRUAN which have very good humidity measurements for UTLS. [ Jo Schmetz, GSICS Exec Panel]

9. GCOS/AOPC-XVI 7-11 February 2011 Draft Summary and Recommendations
8.2 NOAA Activities related to Climate Monitoring, including the MW-sounding temperature consensus data set initiative
The Panel appreciated the paper by Goldberg (Doc 8.2) showing how comparisons of AIRS and IASI radiances with those simulated from reanalyses can be used for independent validation of the climate reanalyses, in particular to improve understanding and reconcile differences between the reanalyses. It noted that to reduce differences between the reanalyses there needs to be an effort to use radiative transfer code which agree at the 0.2 K level with observed values. Using GRUAN-like radiosondes collocated with AIRS and IASI are critical for reducing uncertainties in radiative transfer and to demonstrate the accuracy of the radiative transfer algorithm. In doing so, the reanalysis and NWP communities will be encouraged to assimilate the original AIRS and IASI data without bias corrections, and remaining differences between reanalyses will be primarily due to model physics.
(Text from June 2010 Notes:)
The Panel encouraged the continuation of these spectrally resolved infrared radiances to inter-compare and assess climate reanalyses from NCEP, ECMWF, JMA, NASA. It further stressed the importance of providing and sustaining high quality in-situ observations through programmes such as GRUAN to improve radiative transfer models.
Discuss!

10. Strategy for LEO-LEO Inter-Calibration
PATMOS-x
HIRS-HIRS
Aqua/MODIS-Terra/MODIS …

11. General Strategy for LEO-LEO Products
Monitored Instruments?
AVHRR, HIRS, AIRS, Landsat TM…
Reference Instruments?
IASI, MODIS, GOME2, …?
Methodology?
Direct Comparison of Collocated Radiances (SNOs)
Other
Products?
GSICS Corrections } for nominal SRFs
GSICS Bias Monitoring } and CRCs
Near Real-Time
and Re-Analysis Migrating references

12. Specific Plans for LEO-LEO Products
PATMOS-x
Andy Heidinger
HIRS-HIRS
Shi & Bates
Aqua/MODIS-Terra/MODIS
Dave Doelling?
Landsat7/ETM-Terra/MODIS
Gyanesh Chander …