1. NOMENCLATURE OF ALKANES
AISYATUL FAIZAH
P.KIM SUB’09
UNY

3. Nomenclature of Straight Chain Alkanes
Count the amount of C atom.
Write the prefix name based on the amount of C atom, then add the ending-ane.

4. Numerical Prefix 1 meth(a)- 6 hex(a)- 2 eth(a)- 7 hept(a)- 3 prop(a)-8
oct(a)- 4
but(a)- 9
non(a)- 5
pent(a)- 10
dec(a)-

5. Nomenclature of Straight Chain Alkanes1 2 3
prop(a) + ane = propane

6. Nomenclature of Branched Chain Alkanes
Find the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms in the skeleton structure. Name the compound as a derivative of the alkane with this number of carbon atoms.
Name the substituent on the chain. Substituent derived from alkanes are named by replacing the -ane ending with -yl.
Number the chain starting at the end nearest the first substituent and specify the carbon atoms on which the substituent is located. Use the lowest possible numbers.
Use the prefixes di-, and tri- be substituents that are found two, or three, times on the same chain of carbon atoms.
Arrange the names of the substituents in alphabetical order.

7. Basic Rules
Branch number + substituent prefix + root name

8. Nomenclature of Branched Chain Alkanes
pent(a) + ane = pentane

9. Nomenclature of Branched Chain Alkanes
meth(ane) + -yl = methyl

10. Nomenclature of Branched Chain Alkanes1 2 3 4 5  
2-methylpentane
4-methylpentane

11. Nomenclature of Branched Chain Alkanes1 2 3 4 5
Amount of Longest Continuous Chain of C Atoms 5
Prefix
pent-
Ending
-ane
Amount of Branch Chain of C Atoms 1
Name of Branch Chain
methyl
Branch Position 2
2-methylpentane

12. Give the name of the following structure!
Amount of Longest Continuous Chain of C Atoms 5
Prefix
pent-
Ending
-ane
Amount of Branch Chain of C Atoms 1
Name of Branch Chain
methyl
Branch Position
2,2,4
2,2,4-trimethylpentane

13. Conclusion Nomenclature of Straight Chain Alkanes
Count the amount of C atom.
Write the prefix name based on the amount of C atom, then add the ending-ane.

14. Nomenclature of Branched Chain Alkanes
Find the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms in the skeleton structure. Name the compound as a derivative of the alkane with this number of carbon atoms.
Name the substituent on the chain. Substituent derived from alkanes are named by replacing the -ane ending with -yl.
Number the chain starting at the end nearest the first substituent and specify the carbon atoms on which the substituent is located. Use the lowest possible numbers.
Use the prefixes di-, and tri- be substituents that are found two, or three, times on the same chain of carbon atoms.
Arrange the names of the substituents in alphabetical order.