1. A. Computer Basics 1.00 Examine the role of hardware and software.
Unit Objective:
Lesson Objective:
1.01 – Identify the parts and uses of a computer hardware system

2. Objectives Identify the parts of a computer hardware system
Identify the uses of a computer hardware system
Discuss the history of computers
Define the term computer and describe a computer system
Define the different computer classification categories

3. Vocabulary Binary System Computer CD-ROM Drive CPU Desktop computer
Disk Drive
Monitor
Embedded computer
Hardware
Keyboard
Laptop computer
Mainframes
Minicomputers
Microcomputer
Notebook computer
PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants)
Personal computers
Printer
Supercomputer
Web-TV

4. What Is A Computer?
An electronic device that receives data, processes data, stores data, and produces a result (output).
Classified by size, speed and application
Uses hardware and software
Comes in different types

5. Other Definitions of a Computer
A collection of electronic circuits, which can be on or off (open or closed).
These two states of the circuit are represented by two digits, 0 and 1.
Called the binary system
Combining bits (0 and 1), you can represent any character or number.

6. Introducing Computers
Considered one of the most important inventions of the 20th century, computers have become prevalent throughout our society.
Computers are found everywhere—from cell phones with embedded cameras to computerized components in automobiles to our ATM machines.
Computers help us learn about health and medicine, space and time, and matter and energy, to name just a few topics.
The ways in which a computer can be used are as limitless as a person's imagination.

7. A Brief History of the Computer
Computers were developed in the late 1940s and early 1950s, and were designed initially for military and governmental uses.
The microprocessor was developed in 1971 by Dr. Ted Hoff, who at that time worked for Intel.
Using the microprocessor technology, Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak built the first Apple computer.
In 1980, Bill Gates worked with IBM to develop the disc operating system for the IBM PC.

8. History of Computers

9. Early Computers

10. Benefits of Using Computers
Error-free calculations
Speed
Flexibility
Storage
Consistency and repetition
Communications

11. Disadvantages of a Computer
Computer disadvantages:
environmental impact and pollution,
violation of privacy,
identity theft,
health risks, and
outsourcing of jobs to foreign countries.

12. Hardware

13. Computer Components: Hardware
the physical equipment of the computer that you can see and touch

14. Hardware
The tangible, physical equipment that can be seen and touched such as:
CPU – brain of the computer
Monitor – displays the softcopy
Keyboard – enters the information into the computer
Disk Drive – reads the disk
Printer – prints out a hardcopy of what is on the monitor

15. The Parts of a Computer Keyboard Mouse Speakers Printer Scanner
CPU (Central Processing Unit)
The “brains” of the computer housed on a tiny silicon chip inside the computer case.
Floppy Disk Drive
CD-ROM/DVD Drive
Monitor
Keyboard
Mouse
Speakers
Printer
Scanner

16. Computers and Computer Systems
A computer is an electronic device that receives data (input), processes data, stores data, and produces a result (output).
Computers are not intelligent and do only what we ask them to do.
The instructions and/or programs that control the computer are called software.
The physical parts of the system are called hardware.
A computer processes data and produces information.
The Input, Processing, Storing, and Output sequence is referred to as the information processing cycle.

17. What Is A Computer System?
Software: the intangible set of instructions that tells the computer what to do; know as programs or software programs.
Two types: application and system software programs
Data: information entered into the computer to be processed, which consists of the following:
Text, numbers, sounds, and images
People: the users of the computers who enter the data and use the output.
Hardware: the tangible, physical equipment that can be seen and touched such as:
Computer Case
Monitor
Keyboard and Mouse
Disk Drive
Speakers

18. PARTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM Computer Case (Processor inside)
Monitor
Speaker
Keyboard
Computer Case (Processor inside)
Mouse
CD-ROM/DVD Drive
Printer
Floppy Disk Drive

19. Types of Computers Supercomputer: most powerful
Used to do things like predict hurricanes and navigate satellites
Mainframes and minicomputers: used by business and government to process large amounts of information
Personal computers: smaller and less powerful than the other types of computers

20. Personal Computers Desktop computer: designed to be used on a desktop.
Notebook/Tablet computer: designed to be used on a desktop but still small enough to be portable.
Laptop computer: designed to be small enough and light enough to be used on your lap.

21. Types of Personal Computers
Desktop computer: designed to be used on a desktop.
Notebook/Tablet computer: designed to be used on a desktop but still small enough to be portable.
Laptop computer: designed to be small enough and light enough to be used on your lap.

22. Additional Types of Computers
PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants): a handheld device (or mobile device) that is often used in conjunction with a desktop or other PC.
May have a special keyboard, some use
a pen or stylus for entering data
- Data can be transferred to a desktop or laptop computer
Web TV: provides easy access to the Internet without having to have a traditional computer.
Enables you to connect to the Internet and usually includes a keyboard or other device for entering and selecting data.

23. Different Types of Computers

24. Computer Software
Application software and system software are the two basic types of software.
Windows is an example of an operating system, and Word and Excel are examples of application software.
An icon is a small image that represents a file, command, or another computer function.
Most software has a graphical user interface (GUI, pronounced “gooey”).

25. Communications and Networks
Electronic communications is what makes it possible for computers to communicate with each other and with other devices.
The establishment of ARPANET led to the process of electronic communications.
To communicate electronically requires four components: sender, receiver, channel, and protocol.

26. Communications and Networks (continued)
Two or more computer systems linked together are considered a network.
Networks can be small or large.
Computers on a network are called clients or nodes. Servers allocate resources.
Networks are covered in detail in Lesson 7.

27. Communications and Networks (continued)
A network connecting users through various communications devices

28. Communications and Networks (continued)
Intranets and Extranets:
An intranet is a network for the exclusive use of employees within a company or organization.
An extranet allows specified outside organizations to access a company’s intranet.

29. The Internet
The Internet evolved from ARPANET. This large, wide-area network was established in 1969 and was created by the U.S. Defense Department.
The Internet and World Wide Web are covered in detail in Lesson 2.

30. Technology for Everyday Live
Examples of ways in which technology affects the lives of many people are through…
school and education
security systems
government
television
games
home systems

31. Computers in Our Future
Computers in the future will become smaller and more mobile.
Wireless and mobile devices will become the norm.
Computer literacy, which the knowledge and understanding of computers and their uses, will become even more important.

32. End of 1.01