1. Japan Returns to Isolation
Chapter 19
Section 3

2. The Growth of Japanese Civilization
Japan’s Location
Japan lies east of China; name means “land of the rising sun”
Closest neighbor is 120 miles over water, Korea
500 miles of water separate it from China

3. Japan’s Topography
The next couple of slides are a comparison of the countries that we will be visiting. Notice how small all are compared to China.

4. The Geography of Japan
Consists of about 4,000 islands in a 12,000-mile archipelago
Varied climate, but little land for farming

5. Terrace Farming of Rice
The next couple of slides are a comparison of the countries that we will be visiting. Notice how small all are compared to China.

6. The Japanese Farm the Sea
The next couple of slides are a comparison of the countries that we will be visiting. Notice how small all are compared to China.
Tokyo Fish Market

7. Mt. Fuji
Mt. Fuji
The next couple of slides are a comparison of the countries that we will be visiting. Notice how small all are compared to China.

8. Early Japan Many different clans worshipped own gods
This early religion later called Shinto—“the way of the gods”
Shinto worshipers respect forces of nature, ancestors, and kami
Kami—divine spirits dwelling in nature: tree, rock, waterfall

9. The Yamato Emperors By 400s, Yamato clan takes control, names emperor.
For many centuries, Yamato emperors rule; sometimes in name only .

10. Japanese Culture Buddhism in Japan
Japanese learn Chinese ideas, customs from contact with Korea
Buddhism spreads widely in Japan, mixes with Shinto practices

11. Cultural Borrowing from China
Prince Shotoku rules as regent; sponsors missions to Tang China
Chinese ideas, practices gain wide currency in Japan as result
Japanese adopt Chinese writing, art, and ways of everyday living
Japan does not copy China’s civil-service system

12. Local Lords Rule 1467-1568 know as Sengoku (warring states)
Samurai seized control of old feudal estates
Daimyo-Warrior chieftain new lords
Resembled European feudalism

13. Medieval Warriors
vs.
European knight
Samurai Warrior

14. Medieval Warriors
vs.
Knight’s Armor
Samurai Armor

15. Local Lords Rule Built fortified castles
Created small armies on horses (samurai)
Later introduced foot soldiers with muskets
Fought for territory

16. New leaders Restore Order
Oda Nobunaga-defeated rivals and seized capitol Kyoto 1558
“Rule the empire by force”
Nobunaga’s soldiers with muskets crush samurai force (first use of firearms)

17. New Leaders Restore Order
Could not unify all of Japan
Toyotomi Hideoyshi conquered al of Japan
Invaded Korea in 1592
Hideoyshi died 1559 and his troops withdrew from Korea

18. Tokugawa Shogunate Unites Japan
Unified Japan in 1600
Had loyalty of Daimyo throughout Japan
3 years later became sole leader of Japan
Moved capitol to Edo became Tokyo
Governed at a local level

19. Tokugawa Shogunate Unites Japan
Required daimyo to spend every other year in the capitol
When they returned to their lands they left family in capitol (hostages to prevent rebellion)
Rule of law became rule of sword

20. Tokugawa Shogunate Unites Japan
On his deathbed asked sons to
Take care of the people
Strive to be virtuous
Never neglect to protect the country
This rule brought welcome order to Japan

21. Life in Tokugawa Japan
Japan enjoyed two and half centuries of stability
Society was very structured
Ruler was a shogun supreme military commander

22. Life in Tokugawa Japan Shogun Daimyo- powerful landholding samurai
Samurai warriors
Peasants and artisans 4/5ths of population
Merchants at the bottom
Became more important as the economy expanded

25. Society in Tokugawa Japan
Confucian values influenced society
Depended on agriculture not merchants
Peasants and farmers had the main tax burden
Many left farms for town life

26. Culture under the Tokugawa Shogunate
Attended ceremonial noh dramas
Tales of ancient warriors
Hung pictures of a classical literature scenes
Haiku-3 line verse poetry
Presents images rather than ideas

27. Contact Between Europe and Japan
16 century during the warring states
Welcomed traders and missionaries from Portugal
Within a century Europeans had worn out their welcome

28. Portugal Sends Ships, Merchants and Technology to Japan
1543 first encounter with Europeans
Portugal hoped to be part of the Japan, China, and Southeast Asia trade
Brought clocks, eyeglasses, tobacco, firearms, and unfamiliar items to Japan

29. Portugal Sends Ships, Merchants, and Technology to Japan
Daimyo welcomed the strangers
Interested in muskets and cannons
Japanese purchased weapons from Portugal
Firearms changed a time honored tradition of the use of the sword

30. Portugal Sends Ships, Merchants, and Technology to Japan
Many samurai retained the sword
Built fortified castles to withstand the cannons
Castles attracted merchants and artisans

31. Christian Missionaries in Japan
1549 missionaries started to arrive
Religious orders of Jesuits came to convert the Japanese
Francis Xavier-Jesuit led the first mission
Baptized about 100 converts before he left

32. Christian Missionaries in Japan
,000 Japanese had been converted
Success upset Tokugawa Ieyasu
Found Christian invasion troublesome
They scorned traditional Japanese beliefs

33. Christian Missionaries in Japan
Feared driving off the European traders would hurt Japan’s economy
1612 there was religious uprisings
Christianity was banned

34. Christian Missionaries in Japan
,000 peasants led by a samurai
So many rebels were Christian
Started to persecute Christians
All Japanese were forced to show faith to a branch of Buddhism

35. The Closed Country Policy
Persecution of Christians was to control foreign ideas
Valued European trade but not ideas
1639 sealed Japan’s borders “closed country policy”

36. Japan in Isolation Nagasaki was the only port opened to foreign ships
Only Dutch and Chinese merchants allowed
Tokugawa shoguns had a monopoly on trade
200 years Japan remained closed

37. Japan in Isolation
Japanese were forbidden to leave and bring back new ideas
Developed into a self sufficient country
Europeans met with resistance to open the East to trade
Expansion to the west was more profitable (Americas)