1. Sonja B. Grimm
Tempo and Mode in
Human Behavioural
Evolution

2. Tempo and mode in evolution
Ph.D. project
George Gaylord Simpson
Tempo and mode in evolution
(1944)

3. During the Weichselian Lateglacial in North-West Europe:
Ph.D. project
During the Weichselian Lateglacial in North-West Europe:
How and why did the
Late Magdalenian
change into the
Federmesser-Gruppen?

4. During the Weichselian Lateglacial in North-West Europe:
Ph.D. project
During the Weichselian Lateglacial in North-West Europe:
How and why did the
Late Magdalenian
change into the
Federmesser-Gruppen?

5. Ph.D. project Becoming Human: the Evolution of Hominin Behaviour
current research topics
Human behavioural strategies in interglacial environments
Diet and nutrition
Strategic systems of early societies
Research approach

6. Ph.D. project Becoming Human: the Evolution of Hominin Behaviour
current research topics
Human behavioural strategies in interglacial environments
Diet and nutrition
Strategic systems of early societies
Research approach
Resilience and Reorganisation of Social Systems during the Weichselian Lateglacial in North-West Europe
An evaluation of the archaeological, climatic, and environmental record

7. The case study

8. North-West Europe

9. The Late Weichselian

10. The Weichselian Lateglacial

11. The Weichselian Lateglacial

12. The Weichselian Lateglacial

13. The Weichselian Lateglacial
Magdalenian
Federmesser-
Gruppen
16,050 years ago
12,700 years ago

14. The Weichselian Lateglacial
Magdalenian
Federmesser-
Gruppen
16,050 years ago
12,700 years ago

15. The Late Magdalenian c. 16,300 to 14,600 years ago << 1 %
200km
100km
Photo: MONREPOS, RGZM
Photo: Martin Street, RGZM
Photo: MONREPOS, RGZM
Jöris / Street / Turner 2012
Street et al. 2006
Gaudzinski-Windheuser /Jöris 2006; according to Stodiek 1993
Bosinski 1996 (inverse)
<< 1 %
( burnt
artefacts)
Franken / Veil 1983

16. The Weichselian Lateglacial
Magdalenian
Federmesser-
Gruppen
16,050 years ago
12,700 years ago

17. The Federmesser-Gruppen
c. 13,900 to 12,700 years ago
200km
100km
Gelhausen 2011
Veil et al. 2012
Street et al. 2006
15-20 % (burnt artefacts)
Photo: MONREPOS, RGZM
Photo: Gelhausen, RGZM
Veil 1982
Gaudzinski-Windheuser / Jöris 2006

18. The Weichselian Lateglacial
Magdalenian
Federmesser-
Gruppen
16,050 years ago
12,700 years ago

19. The Weichselian Lateglacial
Magdalenian
Federmesser-
Gruppen
16,050 years ago
12,700 years ago

20. The Weichselian Lateglacial
Climatic forcing?
Late
Magdalenian
Federmesser-
Gruppen
16,050 years ago
12,700 years ago

21. Tempo

22. Dating the assemblages

23. Identifying change

24. Identifying change

25. Identifying change

26. Identifying change

27. Comparing to other changes

28. Tempo of change

29. Tempo in the case study

30. From Late Magdalenian to the Federmesser-Gruppen

31. From Late Magdalenian to the Federmesser-Gruppen
Steep increase
Federmesser-
Gruppen
Late
Magdalenian

32. From Late Magdalenian to the Federmesser-Gruppen
Steep increase
Environmental forcing
Federmesser-
Gruppen
Late
Magdalenian

33. Mode

34. Innovation

35. Potential / Capital Societies are made by individuals A A A A A A A A

36. Potential / Capital Innovators show human creativity A A A A A A A A CB A A A A A A A

37. Potential / Capital
Innovators show human creativity… or incapablity of perfect copies?
Weber fraction (cf. Eerkens / Lipo 2005; Hamilton / Buchanan 2009) A A A A A A A A C A A A A A A A A A A A A A B A A A A A A A

38. Potential / Capital Innovators transmit usable changes A A A A A A A A

39. Potential / Capital Innovators create new (sub-) societies A A A A A AD C B B B D B D D D

40. Potential / Capital as human adaptive possibilities
Innovators create new (sub-) societies… and adaptive possibilities A A A A A A A A C A A A A A A C A C A B D C B B B D B D D D

41. household / family group
Potential / Capital and Connectedness
Unit
Level
Equivalent
ATU 1
tradition / community
Level 1
epoch
Level 2
period
Level 3
subperiod
ATU 2
alliance / population
technocomplex
industry
faciès / group
ATU 3
household / family group
assemblage / settlement
artefact group / concentration
artefact / structure
ATU 4
individual
type
attribute
trace
Determinants
Archaeological taxonomic units (ATU)
(cf. Gamble et al. 2005)
(Foley / Mirazón Lahr 1997)

42. household / family group
Potential / Capital and Connectedness
Unit
Level
Equivalent
ATU 1
tradition / community
Level 1
epoch
Level 2
period
Level 3
subperiod
ATU 2
alliance / population
technocomplex
industry
faciès / group
ATU 3
household / family group
assemblage / settlement
artefact group / concentration
artefact / structure
ATU 4
individual
type
attribute
trace
Determinants
Potential
Archaeological taxonomic units (ATU)
(cf. Gamble et al. 2005)
(Foley / Mirazón Lahr 1997)

43. household / family group
Potential / Capital and Connectedness
Unit
Level
Equivalent
ATU 1
tradition / community
Level 1
epoch
Level 2
period
Level 3
subperiod
ATU 2
alliance / population
technocomplex
industry
faciès / group
ATU 3
household / family group
assemblage / settlement
artefact group / concentration
artefact / structure
ATU 4
individual
type
attribute
trace
Determinants
Connectedness
Potential
Archaeological taxonomic units (ATU)
(cf. Gamble et al. 2005)
(Foley / Mirazón Lahr 1997)

44. Connectedness as shared behaviours / norms / rules
Convex hulls: normative behaviour

45. Connectedness
Convex hulls have different meanings

46. Connectedness
Convex hulls have different meanings – making interpretation necessary

47. Interpretation of change
Steep increase
Federmesser-
Gruppen
Late
Magdalenian

48. Interpretation of change using assemblages
Steep increase
Federmesser-
Gruppen
Late
Magdalenian

49. Interpretation of change using ATUs / technocomplexes
Steep increase
Federmesser-
Gruppen
Late
Magdalenian

50. Result

51. Adaptive cycle?

52. Adaptive cycle

53. Adaptive cycle

54. Adaptive cycle

55. Adaptive cycle

56. Adaptive cycle

57. New adaptive cycle

58. New adaptive cycle

59. Thank you for
your attention!

61. Adaptive Cycle “Fact Sheet”
Main Characteristics of the Adaptive Cycle(s)
Which timeframe does the main adaptive cycle cover? Studied cycle c. 2,000 years
What is the timeframe of the whole Panarchy model (if nested cycles are used)? Study period > 3,000 years
What is the geographical breadth of these cycles? North-West-Europe
Characterisation of the key attributes
How do you define connectedness within the archaeological dataset? Societal ability to establish normative behaviour
How do you define potential/capital within the archaeological dataset? Individuals in population and potential of behavioural variation
General patterns
What is/are the main driving factor(s) for the loss of resilience? Neglect of preservation of stabilising safe-guarding strategies
What kind of release impact(s) can you reconstruct and how? Regionalisation in lithic technology, subsistence strategies, spatial organisation, mobility decline 61