1. Amendments 11-27

2. 11th Amendment
The 11th amendment limits jurisdiction of the federal courts
This means that there are limits on suits against states
Example: NC resident can’t sue Virginia
Case: Chisholm v. Georgia- S.C. citizen sued Georgia

3. 12th Amendment
Revises procedure for electing the president and vice president
This established the Electoral College use separate ballots in voting for the president and vice president

4. 13th Amendment
Abolishes Slavery

5. 14th Amendment
Defines US citizenship; guarantees all citizens “equal protection under the law”
Originally created to give rights to freed slaves

6. 15th Amendment
Prohibits restrictions on the right to vote based on race and color

7. 16th Amendment
Gives congress the power to levy an income tax

8. 17th Amendment
Voters elect senators directly instead of state legislature

9. 18th Amendment called Prohibition
Prohibits making, drinking or selling alcoholic beverages
called Prohibition

10. 19th Amendment Gives women the right to vote-suffrage
Susan B. Anthony and Cady Stanton- women’s suffrage leaders

11. 20th Amendment
Changes the dates of congressional and presidential terms
President and Vice President end term January 20th at noon; senators January 3rd at noon
“Lame-Duck”- outgoing president has little influence and little accomplishments between elections in Nov. and the new president taking office in Jan.

12. 21st Amendment Repeals Prohibition No more 18th Amendment
Only amendment ever passed to overturn another amendment!

13. Al Capone

14. 22nd Amendment Limits presidents to 2 terms in office
Passed after Franklin D. Roosevelt's election to 4 terms between

15. 23rd Amendment
Gives residents of the District of Columbia the right to vote
DC is not a state!
DC is the area between Virginia and Maryland

16. 24th Amendment
Abolishes poll taxes
Didn’t pass until 1964

17. 25th Amendment
Establishes procedures for succession to the presidency

18. 26th Amendment
Set voting age at
18 years

19. 27th Amendment
Delays congressional pay raises until the term following their passage

20. Major Cases Marbury v. Madison (1803)-established judicial review
Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)- Scott sued for his freedom after being taken to a free state; ruled against him because slaves(property) have no rights to sue not a citizen
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)-established separate but equal; reinforced segregation

21. Major Cases
Korematsu v. United States (1944)- made it legal to hold people of Japanese decent in camps during WWII
Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)-gives those who can’t afford a lawyer a lawyer in all cases
United States v. Nixon (1974)-SC decided that executive privilege is not limitless, and the Watergate tapes were released

23. Struggle for Rights
After the civil war, African Americans routinely faced discrimination
Southern states had “Jim Crow” laws- separated Whites and AA’s
Brown v. Board of Education (1954)- established separate schools were not equal therefore “separate but equal” did not work and was unconstitutional
Little Rock 9
Montgomery Bus Boycott- Rosa Parks arrested for violating segregation laws in Alabama. MLK led peaceful protests

25. Struggle for Rights Cont’d
1963- “I Have a Dream” speech
Civil Rights act of prohibited discrimination in public facilities, employment, education and voter registration; banned discrimination based on sex, gender religion and national origin
Regents of the U. of California v. Bakke (1978)-affirmative action-established all things being equal, race and gender may be used as a criteria

26. Gratz v Bollinger (2003)- court struck down a University of Michigan point- based admission policy because it gave excessive points to minority applicants
Many Americans are subject to racial profiling- being singled out as suspects because of the way they look
What would you do?
What whould you do?
Racism?

27. More videos….. Rosa Parks Oprah clip Civil Rights Crash course Prom?
Lighten the mood
Not related at all but funny…..