1. Heat
Notes

3. Heat is thermal energy
Always moves from warmer area to cooler area

4. Thermal Equilibrium
Heat will transfer from warmer to cooler until both are the same temperature
Heat moves in three ways:
1. Conduction
2. Convection
3. Radiation

6. 1. Conduction Transfers heat by direct contact through solids Ex:
a pot handle getting hot from stove’s heat
Spoon in a cup of hot tea
Dog lying on warm pavement

7. Draw the 3 diagrams in notes

10. (Conduction continued)
Conductor: a material that conducts heat well
Ex: aluminum, copper, iron, steel
Insulator: material that does not conduct heat well
Ex: wood, plastic, rubber, glass, cloth(pot-holder)

11. Stainless Pan layers

12. 2. Convection Transfer of heat within a liquid or gas
Molecules move faster when heated
Spread apart and become less dense
Convection Current: caused by rising and sinking of heated and cooled liquid or gas

13. Draw and Label Diagram

14. 3. Radiation Heat transferred through empty space
Transferred by electromagnetic waves
Ex:
Heat from the sun to Earth
Heat from a campfire to you
Heat absorbed by the Earth and radiating out, off the ground.

15. Draw and label
Thermal energy from the sun radiates out to warm the Earth

16. Why does Ice Float?

17. Ice “crystals” are spaced and less dense than liquid water.

19. Video animation of Hydro Flask bottle below

20. Quick Summary Conduction: through solid material
Convection: through liquids and gases
Radiation: through empty space