1. Immigration
Transparency

2. A: The Great Migration 1880 1910 Eastern and Southern Europe
Northwest Europe
73%
27%
49%
24%
16%
11%
Rest of
the World
Rest of the World
Northwest Europe
Percent of Immigrants by Region of Origin

3. A 1800s Mostly from N and W Europe 1910 Most from E and S Europe
23 million immigrants
Most spoke little or no English

4. B: Push and Pull Factors

5. B Left for: Economic Reasons No jobs, very poor, many diseases
Religious Reasons
No freedom of religion
American Dream
Think life in America is better
Average trip cost $65-$100 – about one years’ salary

6. “American Land” by Bruce Springsteen
What is this land of America, so many travel there I'm going now while I'm still young, my darling meet me there Wish me luck my lovely, I'll send for you when I can And we'll make our home in the American land Over there all the woman wear silk and satin to their knees And children dear, the sweets, I hear, are growing on the trees Gold comes rushing out the river straight into your hands If you make your home in the American land There's diamonds in the sidewalks, there's gutters lined in song Dear I hear that beer flows through the faucets all night long There's treasure for the taking, for any hard working man Who will make his home in the American land

7. “American Land” by Bruce Springsteen
I docked at Ellis Island in a city of light and spire I wandered to the valley of red-hot steel and fire We made the steel that built the cities with the sweat of our two hands And I made my home in the American land There's diamonds in the sidewalks, there's gutters lined in song Dear I hear that beer flows through the faucets all night long There's treasure for the taking, for any hard working man Who will make his home in the American land The McNicholas, the Posalski's, the Smiths, Zerillis too The Blacks, the Irish, the Italians, the Germans and the Jews The Puerto Ricans, illegals, the Asians, Arabs miles from home Come across the water with a fire down below

8. “American Land” by Bruce Springsteen
They died building the railroads, worked to bones and skin They died in the fields and factories, names scattered in the wind They died to get here a hundred years ago, they're dyin' now The hands that built the country were all trying to keep down There's diamonds in the sidewalk, there's gutters lined in song Dear I hear that beer flows through the faucets all night long There's treasure for the taking, for any hard working man Who will make his home in the American land Who will make his home in the American land Who will make his home in the American land

9. C: The Journey Across the Atlantic

10. C Most in steerage class 1,200 – 2,000 passengers per ship
Few toilets, many diseases
8-14 days to get from Europe to America

11. D: Arrival in America (East coast)

12. D Ellis Island 75% of immigrants pass through Inspected for diseases
Given registration numbers
Spellings of names changed

13. E: Medical Inspections

14. E Medical Inspections 1st and 2nd class – quick inspections
Looking for cholera, typhoid, plague and eye diseases

15. F: Legal Inspections

16. F Legal Exams Each immigrant speaks with an inspector
They are asked personal questions
Inspectors decide if they enter or not
Names are recorded

17. Ellis Island in 2 Minutes

18. G: Ethnic Enclaves

19. G
Ethnic Enclave
People of the same ethnic group live in the same areas together
These areas help them settle and adjust
Very Crowded
Immigrants were welcomed

20. H: Living Conditions

21. H Living Conditions Living in small rooms with many people
“5 Cents A Night” Spot
60% of immigrants babies die before 1st birthday

22. I: Working Conditions

23. I Working Conditions Most work in industrial jobs
About 80% were semiskilled or unskilled
Families needed about $16/week to survive
Workers $ $4/week
Work lasted hours per day
Kids worked in textile factories

24. J: Americans’ Treatment of Immigrants

25. J
Nativism
A belief that your ethnic group is better than others

26. Reasons for Chinese Immigration

27. Reasons For Chinese Immigration
1848 – Gold discovered in California
1850 – Taiping Rebellion
Revolt against the Chinese government
20 million Chinese killed
1860s – Railroad lines need more workers in the US

28. Chinese Immigrants in America

29. Chinese Immigrants in America
Most moved to western cities
Most worked as laborers, servants, merchants or building the railroad
Chinese Exclusion Act
1882 – stopped Chinese Immigration for 10 years.
Kept Chinese already in US from becoming citizens

30. The Journey Over

31. Angel Island

32. Chinatown – San Francisco