1. IB community theme: sharing our humanity
June 2008

2. Aims of the IB community theme
Develop knowledge and understanding of global issues
Encourage appropriate action on global issues

3. IB community theme: sharing our humanity
This includes the following issues
Global poverty
Education for all
Peace and conflict
Global infectious diseases
Digital divide: uneven access to information and communication technologies
Disasters and emergencies
Environmental issues

4. IB community theme: sharing our humanity
Global poverty
Nearly half the world’s population (2.8 billion), live on less than $2 a day.
UN HDR, 2003
Each year, more than 8 million people around the world die because they are too poor to stay alive.
World Bank, 2004

5. Poverty in Peru
Over 50% over the population in Peru live below the poverty line. Close to one fourth of them live in extreme poverty.
Over 70% of people living in rural areas live below the poverty line.
People born in Lima can expect to live almost 20 years longer than people born in the southern highlands.
11-18% of the population in Peru lives on
less than a dollar a day

6. Children and Poverty
Chronic malnutrition in Peru stands at 24.1% at the national level, while in the rural areas it reaches 39% of the children under five. 
Many children are affected by iron deficiency anemia – 46.2% among children under five at the national level and 52% in rural areas.
Child labour ; (5–14 years) 1999–2007*, total 19
Child marriage ; 1998–2007*, total 18

7. IB community theme: sharing our humanity
Education for all
Over 100 million primary school-age children cannot go to school.
World Bank, 2004
Universal primary education would cost $10 billion a year - that's half what Americans spend on ice cream.
UN HDR, 2003

8. Education in Peru
9 of each 10 Peruvian students do not understand what they read
1 of 10 children achieves the expected learning in math.
In a public high school, 4 out of every 100 students has the possibility to go to university
One quarter of Peru’s children do not attend school.
2.5% of the Gross Domestic Product is spent on Education.  Peru ranks 157 on educational spending (2006)

9. IB community theme: sharing our humanity
Peace and Conflict
29 continuing conflicts, the earliest dating back to 1964
Poor countries 4 times as likely to have conflict as rich ones.
Oxfam

10. Peace and Conflict issues in Peru
Violence in soccer games created by soccer supporters
Nationalism (conflict with Chile)
Fighting back intolerance
Conflicts at school
Conflict among political parties
Violence in the Media
Terrorism
International Day of Peace – Do people know what it means?
Bullying
Labor conflicts
Protest marches gone wrong

11. Some questions to think about:
Why do countries fight?
How do conflicts arise?
How are conflicts resolved?
What can we learn from our everyday experience of resolving conflicts within our own lives?
Can we apply our experience of resolving conflicts within our own lives to resolving large-scale conflicts (for instance, between countries or warring groups within countries)?
What is terrorism?
Terrorist or freedom-fighter – is there a real difference between the two or is it just perception?

12. IB community theme: sharing our humanity
Global infectious diseases
Malaria causes more than 300 million acute illnesses and at least one million deaths annually.
Oxfam
Life expectancy in Africa is 47 and falling, due to HIV. In all other continents it is rising.
WHO 2006

13. Diseases in Peru Anorexia Bulimia Anxiety Depression Sleep problem
Diseases                      Contributing Factors Rotavirus                       Infantil diarrhea Dengue                         Human demographic and behavior Toxic shock syndrome     Technology and Industry Cholera                       Climate change Influenza                     Microbial adaptation and change
Anorexia Bulimia Anxiety Depression Sleep problem

14. IB community theme: sharing our humanity
Digital divide: uneven access to information and communication technologies
Only 2% of children in Africa have touched a computer before they leave school.
Digital Links International

15. Digital Divide in Peru
Today much of our information comes from the Internet. In order to learn, we must be able to connect to the Internet to find important information. The following statistics show how many people out of every 100 are connected to the Internet in different countries.
Internet Subscribers per 100
Bolivia 2.08
Peru 3.65
South Africa 7.51
Chile 8.56
China US
Germany

16. Do you think that Peru has the infrastructure to help its people learn?
What do you think will happen to Peru in the future if its people cannot find information as easily as other people?
The following graph shows the number of people that have access to “fast” Internet.
How many countries from Latin America are in the top 30?

18. IB community theme: sharing our humanity
Disasters and emergencies
Five-fold increase in disasters from 1975 to 2005
2.54 billion people affected by disasters in the decade from 1995 to 2005.
Poor are especially vulnerable to the effects
Oxfam

19. Disasters and Emergencies in Peru
Water (river) pollution due to mining
Air pollution due to mining
EL NIÑO and its consequences
Frosts in Puno
Mudslides in the highlands
Droughts in Southern Peru
Floods in Northern Peru

20. Environmental issues in Peru
Seventy per cent of the Peruvian population live along the coast, where less than 2% of the country's water resources are found.
Cordillera Blanca, one of Peru’s natural glaciers,  are now 27 percent smaller than  they were 33 years ago.  It has lost so much ice, scientists don't even consider it a glacier any more. They call it an ice cap. 
Over 80% of marine pollution comes from land-based activities.  
54% of residents do not have access to clean water or sewage drainage systems
Between 1990 and 2000, Peru lost an average of 94,300 hectares of forest per year.