1. BTEC NCF Dip in Comp - Unit 02 Fundamentals of Computer Systems Lesson 03 – Computer Software
Mr C Johnston

2. End Starter What is computer software? 3 minutes
Computer Software definition #1
Computer Software definition #2
End

3. Learning Outcome
Understand the role of the Operating Systems and common examples
Know the difference between and features of CLI and GUI operating systems
Understand the role of device drivers within a computer system
Understand the difference between, purpose and use of application software and utility software
Know examples of different operating systems, utility and application software explaining the purpose of each

4. Software Overview
A useful way of looking at the types of software used in a computer is
Application Software
Utilities and Tools
Operating System
Device Drivers
BIOS
Hard
ware

5. Software Categories Software Overview
System Software vs Application Software

6. End Question Write down the role of the following types of software?
BIOS
Device driver
Operating system
Application software
Utility software
10 minutes
End

7. Device Drivers
Hardware Device Drivers
In order for the OS to function correctly it must be able to communicate with all hardware devices attached to the computer,
A device driver are instructions for the OS on how to communicate with each device,
In order for a piece of hardware to work properly its own driver needs installing – it also must be the correct version for the operating system you are running,
In windows you control device drivers within device manager – part of the control panel

8. Operating System Provides two classes of service
Provides access to the computer hardware and peripheral devices,
Provides an Application Program Interface (API) so application software can be displayed, print, communicate with the world and store data.
The operating system includes a number of accessory programs which offer machine and peripheral management, security and file management.
The kernel is at the heart of every operating system and is a bridge between applications and the actual data processing done at the hardware level
The kernel is responsible for
handling interrupts, program execution, modes, memory management, multi- tasking, disk access, file systems, device drivers

9. Video Operating System Introduction Memory Management
Process Management
Device Management
File Management

10. Types of OS Different types of OS depending on what we use them for
Typical types include
real-time,
single-user single task
single user multi-task
multi-user
The way we interface with an OS can also be different
Command line interface (CLI)
Graphical user interface (GUI)
There are also different manufactures of operating systems to contend with
Write down a definition of each type of OS and what they are used for

11. CLI Characteristics Text based interface with a command prompt
The user types in instructions at the command point using a keyboard
The operating system then responds to the commands keyed in
When the instruction had been processed doing the command prompt would reappear ready for the next instruction
A high level of knowledge is required to remember and construct the commands

12. GUI Characteristics
Graphical based interface made up of WIMPs – Windows, Icons, Menus and Pointers
Users enter commands by clicking on an option in a menu, pressing a button or completing boxes on a form,
The interface is far more user- friendly and intuitive
Touch screen based GUIs with pressure sense are now popular

13. Common Operating Systems
UNIX
DOS PC-DOS – IBM, MS-DOS – Microsoft
Unix
Linux Arch Linux, CentOS, Debian, Fedora, Gentoo Linux, Linux Mint, Mageia, openSUSE and Ubuntu
Windows 1, 2, 3, 3.11, 95, NT, 98, ME, 2000, XP, Vista, 7, 8, 8,11, 10
Windows Server NT, 2000, 2003, 2008, 2012, 2016
Novell Netware
MAC OS classic version
MAC OS X first stable release 2001, current version v10.12 (Sierra)

14. OS Choice Factors
Does the operating system let you customise what you see on the screen and how you interact with the computer?
Does it provide support for connectivity of portable media?
What provisions are there to ensure tight security of the computer system?
What guarantees do you have of stability and reliability?
How easy is it to manage the computer system?
What utilities are included?
How much does it cost?
What after sales support is on offer for the user?

15. Activity Create a communication of your choice which explains
BTEC (2010) Book – Unit 02 p14/15
Create a communication of your choice which explains
What is an operating system for
why needed / what is its purpose
The role of the kernel and what they are responsible for
What services do operating systems provide
things that it allows users to do
The differences between a CLI and GUI based interface
The advantages and disadvantages of CLI and GUI based interface
A list of factors which can be used to compare operating systems
Use a selection of different operating systems to carry out a range of different tasks including
Finding and launching programs, managing files, accessing resources including the internet, managing the computers hardware, software and security
Create notes which compares the features and functions of each operating system used

16. CLI vs GUI
CLI vs GUI
GUI Overview

17. Comparative Operating System Features
General features
Random screen shots
First released
Current version
Cost / Availability
Architectures supported
Minimal hardware requirements
GUI / Command line
Customisable GUI
Target system type
File systems supported
Installation overview
International support
User friendly for lay users
Security features provided
Integrated firewall
Encrypted file systems
Security threats
Stability and reliability
Kernel type
Connectivity of portable media
How easy is it to manage the computer system?
Included utilities / apps
What after sales support is on offer for the user?

18. Utility Software
Utilities are useful pieces of software which keep our computers running smoothly,
Examples of utilities include:
Security software,
Anti-Virus / Firewall
Software to check and maintain our hard disks – cleanup software,
Removal of cookies, removal of temporary files, defragmentation, disk formatting, data recovery software,
Software which performs repeating tasks easily,
Programs that give us information about files and computer status

19. Application Software Software used for a specific purpose
Types include
Accounts and Finance
Communications
Database
DTP
Graphics (vector) / Graphics (bitmap)
Media authoring
Presentation
Sound editing
Spreadsheet
Video editing
Web Authoring
Web Browsing
Word processing

20. Open Source Software
OpenSource.com
Open source software is software whose source code is open for anybody to inspect and modify
It tends to be distributed freely although this is not always the case
The principals of open source software include
Open exchange
Participation
Rapid prototyping
Meritocracy
Community
Produce a leaflet which defines open source software and explains the principals of open source software.
Include advantages and disadvantages to end users of using open source software.

21. Activity
BTEC (2010) Book – Unit 02 p15/16
Populate the following table different types of utility. For each type of utility explain what it is for, benefits it offers and examples
Populate the following table different types of software application. For each type of application explain what it is for and find examples
Utility Type
Purpose
Benefits
Examples
Antivirus
Protects computers and data from harm by detecting and removing / quarantine
Protection from viruses
AVG
AVAST
NORTON
Application Type
Purpose
Examples
Web Authoring Software
Used for the creation of websites
Dreamweaver