1. The Scientific Revolution

2. Old Ideas
Prior to the 1600s, what institution controlled what most people believed about their world??
THE CATHOLIC CHURCH
They said:
1. Earth is the center of universe - geocentric model
2. The Earth is flat

3. The Protestant Reformation
Started by Martin Luther, who questioned church policy in his document the 95 Thesis
Major cause of the Scientific Revolution
Church had lost its absolute hold over the minds of European people

5. Copernicus Polish astronomer Major force behind Scientific Revolution
The earth revolves around sun
Polish astronomer
Major force behind Scientific Revolution
Said earth revolved around sun
Heliocentric model rather than old Geocentric
Very controversial
Couldn’t prove it, “just knew”

6. Galileo was pardoned by Pope John Paul II in 1992
Galileo Galilei
Proved ideas of Copernicus
Heliocentric model
Italian mathematician
Built telescope
Catholic Church banned writings of Galileo, threatening torture and death
Accused of heresy
Forced to recant
Placed on house arrest until his death
Continued his work in private
Legend says Galileo uttered “And yet it moves!” at the end of his trial Albert Einstein called Galileo the “father of science”
E pur si muove!
Galileo was pardoned by Pope John Paul II in 1992

8. Johannes Kepler German astronomer
Proved that planets orbit sun in oval paths called ellipses

9. The Scientific Method Francis Bacon- search for truth
Developed scientific method
Step-by-step method for testing hypotheses; arguing that truth required evidence from the real world.

10. Renee Descartes- “I think, therefore I am.”
Doubted everything except his own existence, encouraged a constant search for truth

11. Sir Isaac Newton Used scientific method to study math and physics
OUCH!
Sir Isaac Newton
Used scientific method to study math and physics
Developed theory of gravity
Developed calculus, to prove this theory
Experiments in optics proved that white light was actually a combination of all the colors or ROY G BIV

12. ROYGBIV Reflection Refraction Color spectrum What does he give us?
White- a combination of the colors of the rainbow
Reflection
Refraction
The reflecting telescope invented by Sir Isaac Newton in By using a curved mirror to reflect and focus the light, the length of the telescope was dramatically reduced.

13. 4 Laws
1. An object in motion tends to stay in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
2. For every action there is an opposite equal reaction
3. F=MA (Force equals Mass (x) Acceleration)
4. Law of Gravity
Developed calculus, to prove his theory on gravity

14. Other Discoveries Andreas Vesalius- accurate human anatomy
William Harvey- circulation of blood through the body
Robert Hooke- the cell
Robert Boyle- chemistry
Joseph Priestly- existence of oxygen
Antoine and Marie Lavoisier- properties of air and role of oxygen

15. Effects of the Scientific Revolution
Decline in Political Power of Roman Catholic Church
Many new discoveries & fields of science formed
Individuals began to question authority

16. The Scientific Revolution
Reform in science
The Enlightenment
Reform in government
Question the best form of govt.
Questioned Absolutism