1. 2003-Janet O. Hagberg By Katie Little
Women and Power
2003-Janet O. Hagberg
By Katie Little

2. Women in Today's Workforce
“Women are the poorest of the poor in our country and, at the same time, are increasingly taking their places in the ranks of the wealthy and ruling class” (Hagberg, 2003).

3. Qualities of a Working Woman
Levinsons 1979 Seasons of a Man’s Life looks at how full time career women have traditional women patterns and men’s patterns

4. Important Times in Career
For women around the age 35, this is an important decision making time, decide whether to:
Pursue Marriage or let it go
Have more or any children
Launch a career or commit more to work
When a woman decides any of these categories they take themselves more seriously and invest more in themselves

5. Reinventing Womanhood by Carolyn Heilbrun 1973
Women’s movements fail to maintain momentum in achievements due to failure of women to
Bond
Imagine themselves as autonomous
Achieving women to resist entering the male mainstream (becoming an honorary male)

6. Reinventing Womanhood Cont.
Advises women to:
Make financial decisions
Having a private room of their own
Living alone
Leading an organization
Having one’s own name
Running a business
Travel Alone
Idea of “Queen Bea”
Sacrifice feminine side
Act like men ex language and behavior
Eventually their persona is identified as a negative “bitch”

7. Masculine vs Feminine Both have negative and positive aspects
Men and women needs to develop both behaviors “androgyny”
“Women’s most important contribution may be to role model the forms of interdependence that some men need to learn” (Hagberg, 2003)
Women need to stay in the system without becoming honorary men

8. Emerging Women Three Groups of Women Ambitious Career Women
Young Pacesetters
Women in poverty

9. Ambitious Career Women
Mid 30’s to 60’s
“Front line” may now be senior activists
Women either worked or raised children
Faced challenges of deciding between work and family
Today this group of women has to make a choice. Idea of “dropping out” has occurred.

10. Young Pacesetters 20’s and 30’s Haven’t had to fight for rights
Minimal discrimination
More motivated by self-actualization and income than by traditional forms of power

11. Women in Poverty Single heads of household Uneducated and unskilled
Lack self-esteem
Feel trapped by system

12. Critical Issues for Women
Staying true to inner selves
Finding courage to face inner secrets
Finding strengths of female community across artificial boundaries
Developing leadership
Saying no to victimization and poverty

13. Women and the Power Model in Organizations
Consists of 6 stages and tell how to move from one stage to the next
Powerlessness
Power by association
Power by achievement
Power by reflection
Power by purpose
Power by wisdom

14. Stage 1: Powerlessness
Powerless and dependent on others for everything
Need to learn who they are and what they can do, what their worth is
Hardest stage to break out of

15. Stage 2: Power by Association
Learned that they are individuals and have skills and abilities
Look for role models to emulate
Get to know their organizations culture
Volunteer for assignments
Push ourselves, set goals, and take risks

16. Stage 3: Power by Achievement
Egos are developing
Enter masculine sides
Become more responsible, competitive, and energetic
To move need to be reflective of who we are and what we want (learn strengths and limitations, stay close to supportive women and men at all levels)

17. Stage 4: Power by Reflection
Take on own personal style and have a proven understanding of workforce, are trusted and have integrity
“The Wall”- triggered by disappointment at work , loss of relationship, dream. This helps them find who they really are
“great leadership is forged in the wall” (Hagberg,2003)
To move forward need to reaffirm feminine side

18. Stage 5: Power by Purpose
Most comfortable stage
Channel energy into others
Trust our own judgment
Become mentors
To move on we need to relax

19. Stage 6: Power by Wisdom Personally purposeful
Calm and life is best when try the least
“nothing to prove, no one to impress, and our community is the world” (Hagberg, 2003)

20. Women and Leadership Many women are natural leaders
“Women, being less constricted by roles and expectations at this point in time, have the potential to go beyond the familiar territory, to be models for others of the way true leaders behave.” (Hagberg, 2003)

21. World’s Most Powerful Women Define Power- Forbes

22. References
Hagberg, J. O. (2003). Women and power. In J. Ott, S. Parkes & R. Simpson (Eds.), Classic Readings in Organizational Behavior (4th ed., pp ). Thompson Wadsworth.