1. Svein Brodtkorb NAD/Atlas Alliance
CBR: Reaching the most vulnerable - Disability in Conflicts & Emergencies Oslo 1st June 2011
Svein Brodtkorb
NAD/Atlas Alliance

2. CBR & Conflict and Emergency
Brief introduction to CBR
Disability in conflict and emergency -challenges
The role of CBR in conflict and emergency situations

3. CBR
Emerged early eighties as a response to challenges with the classic institutional rehabilitation approaches(isolation, alienation, high costs on low capacity/limited number of beneficiaries )…..

4. World Health Organization
Development of CBR
6 September 2018
Medical
Social
Human Rights
1970´s ´s ´s
Problem focus on the individual
Focus both on the individual and the society/environmental barriers
About inclusion in mainstream services

5. Community Based Rehabilitation
WHO defines CBR as follows:
CBR is a strategy within general community development for rehabilitation, equalisation of opportunities and social inclusion of all children and adults with disabilities.
CBR is implemented through the combined efforts of people with disabilities themselves, their families and communities, and the appropriate health, education, vocational and social services.

6. World Health Organization
6 September 2018
CBR focuses on:
Poverty reduction
Empower to affirm human rights
In a holistic way to promote quality of life and well-being of people with disabilities and their families

7. CBR and mainstreaming
CBR is about rights based mainstreaming, and not about specialized service delivery alone.
CBR is above all an approach for resource mobilization within civil as well as within all public sectors at all levels in the society.
Mainstreaming is a main strategy for inclusion where the governments and the DPOs are the key players.

8. Community Based Rehabilitation
Social Inclusion
Health
Education and training
Handler om å gi tilgang til
Skole:
Helse:
Arbeid:
Sosiale aktiviteter:
Økonomi/Lån:
Employment
Loans etc

9. A typical CBR- structure
Rehabilitation officer
Social workers
Handler om en struktur, som sikrer at det er noen som tar ansvar. NB! Nothing about us without us, sier de i Afrika.
Volunteers

10. Disability in Conflict & Emergencies

11. Disability in Conflict & Emergencies
Common problems:
Many die or become more impaired
The collapse of traditional structures
Emergence of a new generation of people with disabilities
Loss of the little they have which may be their only assets, family displacement and loss of personal care givers, service providers and even assistive devices.
Evidence shows that disabled people are the most affected group and emergency responses are inadequate to reach out to disabled people

13. Disability in Conflict & Emergencies
Common problems cont..
The collapse of basic infrastructures or support mechanism makes the situation more difficult
Mental health - one of the most neglected and invisible issues in conflict and emergency.
Sudden influx of foreigners with their own recipes and solutions
Short term goal with little respect to local culture/community – often tendency to treat people as passive victims.
Poor has no voice and little choice.

14. Disability in Conflicts & Emergencies
Survival of the fittest
Persons with disabilities are the most vulnerable group in such situation with a decreased ability to meet basic needs such as food, water, shelter and sanitation.
Vertical programmes with little coordination among the stakeholders worsens the situation

15. CBR in Conflicts & Emergencies
Who comes first?
Community
Who remains till the end?
Who can support long-term sustainability?
Who can include and ensure equity?
Disability is a long-term issue which needs long-term solution

16. CBR in Conflict and Emergency
Role of CBR:
Ensures that people with disabilities and their family members are involved and included in humanitarian action including preparedness, emergency response and recovery activities.
Links people with disabilities and their family members to services and assistance provided through humanitarian channels.
Makes the service provision and facilities disability friendly – programmes are inclusive of people with disabilities
Has particular focus on children, older disabled population and people with multiple or severe impairments
Makes use of the resources available within the community and is part of the community

17. CBR in Conflict and Emergency
Participation – not simply passive receiver:
Participation of the affected population is an important aspect in any development initiatives, also during conflicts & emergencies .
It is critical that people with disabilities and their representative organizations are not just included as beneficiaries, but are also included as partners in conflicts and emergency response.
Involving people with disabilities or their family members in the assessment, design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of all assistance programmes.

18. CBR: Some Key activities
Prepare people with disabilities for potential conflicts and emergencies
Find out about the current situation in the community and lives of people with disabilities in particular
Establish partnerships with humanitarian stakeholders
Ensure people with disabilities and their families are well informed
Suggested activities relevant to specific clusters/sectors pops up during or post conflicts and emergencies

20. CBR: Some Key activities
Assist people with disabilities to restore and/or enhance their quality of life during the recovery phase *
Make sure the new infrastructure and programmes are disabled friendly
Organize disabled people and assist them to form their groups and appoint spokesmen.
Ensure disabled people and their family members are integral part of the community and enjoys the same rights and opportunities as others.
CBR is a long-term multi-sectoral comprehensive solution for a long-term development and humanitarian issue –

21. Thank you
Visualisation of the broad based and multisector features of CBR

22. CBR guidelines – Table of content
World Health Organization
CBR guidelines – Table of content
6 September 2018
INTRODUCTION
Background and Purpose
Evolution of the Disability Concept
Evolution of CBR
HEALTH COMPONENT
Promotion
Prevention
Medical Care
Rehabilitation
Assistive Devices
EDUCATION COMPONENT
Early Childhood Development
Primary Education
Secondary and Higher Education
Non-formal Education
Life-Long Learning
LIVELIHOOD COMPONENT
Skills development
Self-employment
Waged employment
Financial services
Social Protection

23. CBR guidelines – Table of content
World Health Organization
6 September 2018
CBR guidelines – Table of content
SOCIAL COMPONENT
Relationships, Marriage and Family
Personal Assistance
Culture, Religion & Arts
Leisure, Recreation & Sports
Access to Justice
EMPOWERMENT COMPONENT
Social Mobilization
Political Participation
Communication
Self-help Groups
Disabled People’s Organizations
MANAGEMENT OF CBR
Planning CBR
Organizing and Developing Resources
Leading and Implementing Operations
Monitoring and Evaluation
Training of CBR Personnel
Starting a CBR Programme
SUPPLEMENT CHAPTERS
CBR and Crisis Situations
CBR and HIV/AIDS
CBR and Mental Health
CBR and Leprosy