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Jets as a probe of the Quark Gluon Plasma

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Presentation on theme: "Jets as a probe of the Quark Gluon Plasma"— Presentation transcript:

1 Jets as a probe of the Quark Gluon Plasma
Christine Nattrass Yale University Goldhaber Lecture 2008

2 Outline What is a quark gluon plasma? Why do we want to study it?
How do we study it? What have we learned? Conclusions

3 The structure of matter

4 Who was Gertrude Goldhaber?
Beta decay – demonstrated that the beta particle was an electron Shell model – provided experimental evidence for closed shells in heavy nuclei Created first 3-D plot Gertrude Scharff Goldhaber July 14, 1911 — February 2, 1998

5 Nucleons – the proton and neutron

6 Other particles - hadrons
Baryons Mesons

7 The Standard Model Weak force Electromagnetic force Strong force

8 What keeps the nucleus together?
distance strength Electromagnetic force Strong force

9 How to make a Quark Gluon Plasma

10 Evolution of the Universe
106 yrs 3 min 6 sec 2·10-6 sec sec 10-35 sec 109 yrs ? 10-44 sec The universe gets cooler ! Reheating Matter ? ? Need temperatures around 1.5·1012 K ~106 times hotter than the core of the sun

11 Relativistic pancakes
A heavy ion collision Relativistic pancakes Quark soup Explosive hadron soda

12 Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
STAR PHENIX PHOBOS BRAHMS 1.2k

13 The STAR detector Over 1,200 tons ~4m ~4m

14 Peripheral collision

15 Central collision ~2000 tracks

16 What are jets? Jets –hard scattering of partons (quarks and gluons)
proton Jets –hard scattering of partons (quarks and gluons) Studied in dozens of experiments

17 Jets – azimuthal correlations
p+p  dijet trigger Phys Rev Lett 90,

18 Jets – azimuthal correlations
p+p  dijet

19 Looking in two dimensions
d+Au

20 In two dimensions in Au+Au
nucl-ex/

21 What I've studied Different systems and energies Different particles
Cu+Cu √sNN = 200 GeV Cu+Cu √sNN = 62 GeV Au+Au √sNN = 62 GeV Different particles K0S,, Results: Jet looks like p+p, Ridge looks like the rest of the A+A collision Ridge grows with energy The fewer nucleons in the collision, the smaller the Ridge nucl-ex/

22 Conclusions If we get nuclear matter dense enough, we make a new phase of matter This quark gluon plasma is similar to what was present in the early universe We can produce a QGP in heavy ion collisions We can study it using probes such as jets proton

23 Conclusions We see evidence of a hot, dense medium from studying jets at RHIC One of the jets almost disappears The other jet is modified dramatically

24 Many, many thanks to John Harris Helen Caines Jana Bielcikova
The entire Yale group, past and present STAR

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