1. Warm Up - 2/24/17
What were the Maryland Acts of Toleration?
Who was James Oglethorpe?

2. New England Colonies

3. Back in England Official religion: Church of England (Anglican Church)
What happen if you didn’t participate in the Church services?
Prison or paid a fine
Problems:
No separation of church and state (gov’t sponsored church)
King head of gov’t and ultimate head of church
Still resembled some elements of Catholicism
Not everyone was happy

4. Puritan……Pilgrim Puritans Pilgrims Wanted to “purify” the church
Remove all traces of Catholicism
Simplify church service
Fix corruption
Hoped for REFORM
Saw their persecution as a test from God and needed to double their efforts
Not everyone agree…some will lose faith in changing the Church and create own group…
Called “Separatists”
Believed Church of England too Catholic as well but refused to follow church at all
Saw their souls doomed if cont. membership in a false church
Forced to leave England b/c it was treason to reject the Anglican Church
Fled to Holland and later go to Mass.

5. Pilgrims Leave Holland
Peace treaty b/w Catholic Spain and Religious tolerant Holland about to end…
Pilgrims had to leave Holland, return to England and find a way to New World
Need $$$$$
A group of merchants formed joint stock company to help finance the move to New World
Sponsored by the VA company
Gives the Pilgrims a charter that grants them land in North America

6. New England The Plymouth Colony
Pilgrims left England and arrived in North America
102 passengers, led by William Bradford, depart on the Mayflower
Difficult journey…..65 days
Arrive in Plymouth, Massachusetts
Originally had planned on settling further south
2nd permanent English settlement in America
Before getting off the boat, they write The Mayflower Compact
First ever plan for self-government in the colonies
Upon their arrival in Mass., they quickly began building houses.

7. Mayflower Compact 41 MEN signed Form of direct democracy
Agreed to be ruled by a gov’t chosen by the consent of the ppl
William Bradford chosen governor of Plymouth Colony in annual elections
Obey all laws made for the good of the whole group
Early step in the colonist’s journey toward SELF-GOV’T and INDEPENDENCE from England

9. The First Winter Winter of 1620-1621 Food was scarce
Only 44 out of the original 102 survived.
None chose to leave in 1621 when the Mayflower sailed back.
Fall of 1621  First “Thanksgiving.”
Colony survived with:
fur [especially beaver], fish, and lumber.
Help from native Squanto
Plymouth stayed small and economically unimportant.
1691  only 7,000 people
Merged with Massachusetts Bay Colony.

10. More Religious Persecution
1625- Charles I becomes King of England
Begins persecuting the Puritans even more
Encourages them to leave
Wealthy Puritans begin trying to get a new charter to form their own colony
Create Massachusetts Bay Company
John Winthrop leads many Puritans to Massachusetts
Looking for Religious freedom
Becomes the first governor of Massachusetts
Goals
Make profit
Create refuge for Puritans
By 1643: 20,000 English settlers had arrived in New England

11. John Winthrop 1630 led about 500 Puritans to Mass. est. city of Boston
Elected 1st governor of the Mass. Bay Colony
Had a vision of the colony as a model for the world
Gave a sermon “A Model of Christian Charity”
He pictured the Mass. colonists in covenant with God and with each other, divinely ordained to build a “city upon a hill” in New England
they thought they were perfect, a city on a hill that everyone else would admire and want to emulate.