1. The APA Reference List This tutorial is adapted from the
Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th edition. Washington, DC: APA.
PPt by Chris Bui, Tina Blaas, Savanna Richter, and Rustian Phelps
2002, 2010, 2016 UWF Writing Lab

2. Attribution
Parenthetical documentation appears in the text of the document and usually includes the author, publication date, and page number of the source. The full bibliographical entry for the source contains additional publication and location information and must appear on the References Page.

3. The References Page
The References page follows the last page of the main text. It includes all sources that are cited and can be referenced or recovered by a reader. Because personal communications cannot be recovered, do not include them in the reference list.

4. Format of the References Page
Center “References” at the top of the page and begin entries on the following line;
Reference entries are listed alphabetically according to author. To alphabetize the list automatically, select the References list, and click the Sort button ( ) in the Home tab;
If there are two or more works by the same author, then list by year of publication;
If two or more works by the same author have the same publication year, then list these references by title.

5. Alignment
The first line of each entry is positioned flush with the left margin. Any subsequent lines of each entry are indented (This format is known as a hanging indent). You can easily create a hanging indent by selecting the entry, finding the Paragraph dialogue box in the Home tab, clicking on the dialogue launcher button ( ), locating the Indentation section, and choosing the Hanging option in the Special drop-down box.

6. Sample References Page

7. Typical Components of a References Entry
author’s last name and first initial separated by a comma,
publication date in parentheses,
title of work,
title of book or journal (if applicable),
page range (if applicable),
additional publication or location information (if applicable).

8. Some Additional Rules
Capitalize only the first words of a title and subtitle of a short work such as an article;
Follow normal capitalization rules for titles of periodicals such as journals, magazines, and newspapers;
Italicize titles of books;
Do not italicize, underline, or add quotation marks to titles of articles in periodicals or chapters in books;
Place a period at the end each entry unless the entry ends with a URL or a DOI;
Remember to include the header with the page number on the Reference pages.

9. To Cite a Book
Author’s Last name, First Initial. (Publication Date). Title. City of Publication: Publisher.
Example:
Shotton, M.A. (1989). Computer addiction? A study of computer dependency. London, England: Taylor & Francis.
If work is an edition include it after the title in parentheses.

10. To Cite a Chapter in a Book
Author’s Last name, First Initial. (Publication Date). Title of chapter. Title of book (Page range). City of Publication: Publisher.
Example:
Haybron, D.M. (2008). Philosophy and the science of subjective well-being. In M. Eid & R.J. Larsen (Eds.), The science of subjective well-being (pp ). New York, NY: Guilford Press.

11. To Cite an Article or Chapter
in an Edited Book
Author’s Last name, First Initial. (Publication Date). Title of chapter. In Editor’s Name (Ed.), Title of book (Page range). City of Publication: Publisher.
Example:
Jackson, S. (1992). The creation myth. In W. Wallace (Ed.), In the beginning (pp ). New York: Howser Publishers.

12. To Cite an Article in an Academic Journal
Author’s Last name, First Initial. (Publication Date). Title of article. Title of Periodical, Volume number (Issue number if available), Page range. doi
Example:
Herbst-Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A. (2005). Volunteer support, marital status, and the survival times of terminally ill patients. Health Psychology, 24, doi: /
Include full date with month and day if periodical is published daily or weekly.

13. To Cite an Article in an Academic Journal When No DOI Is Available
Author’s Last name, First Initial. (Publication Date). Title of article. Title of Periodical, Volume number (Issue number if available), Page range. Retrieved from URL
Example:
Sillick, T. J., & Schutte, N. S. (2006). Emotional intelligence and self-esteem mediate between perceived early parental love and adult happiness. E-Journal of Applied Psychology, 2, (2), Retrieved from /ejap
Include full date with month and day if periodical is published daily or weekly.

14. To Cite an Article in a Magazine
Author’s Last name, First Initial. (Publication Date). Title of article. Title of Periodical, Volume number (Issue number if available), Page range.
Example:
Include full date with month and day if periodical is published daily or weekly.
Henry, W.A., III. (1990, April 9). Beyond the melting pot. Time, 135,

15. To Cite an Article in a Newspaper
Author’s Last name, First Initial. (Publication Date). Title of article. Title of Newspaper, Section and page numbers.
Example:
Schwartz, J. (1993, September 30). Obesity affects economic, social status. The Washington Post, pp. A1, A4.
List all page numbers

16. To Cite an Entry in an Encyclopedia
Author’s Last name, First Initial. (Publication Date). Title of article. In Title of encyclopedia (Volume, page numbers). City of Publication, Publisher.
Example:
If no author is available, then put title in author position.
Bermann, P.G. (1993). Relativity. In The new encyclopaedia Britannica (Vol. 26, pp ). Chicago: Britannica.

17. To cite a work with two to six authors, list each author, last name first. A comma separates each author. Place an ampersand (&) before name of the last author.
Example:
Saywitz, K. J., Mannarino, A. P., Berliner, L., & Cohen, J. A. (2000). Treatment for sexually abused children and adolescents. American Psychologist, 55,

18. To cite a work with more than six authors, list the first six authors
To cite a work with more than six authors, list the first six authors. Then use et al. to indicate the other authors.
Example:
Wolchik, S. A., West, S. G., Sandler, I. N., Tein, J., Coatsworth, D., Lengua, L., et al. (2000). An experimental evaluation of theory-based mother and mother-child programs for children of divorce. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68,

19. If you have questions about formatting your paper in APA style, please refer to the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association or see our PowerPoint APA Format Guidelines at

20. If you have questions about citing sources in APA, please refer to the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association or call the UWF Writing Lab at (850) or (850) Of course, you are always welcome to stop by our main-campus location in Building 51, Room 157.