1. Trephining, Torture, Lobotomies, Hospitals Intro to Abnormal Psych
4Ds
Trephining, Torture, Lobotomies, Hospitals
What is Abnormal?
History
Module 47
Intro to Abnormal Psych
Philippe Pinel,
Dorothea Dix
Labeling
Causes/Treatments
Pros
DSM-5
Mod 47 is good to read except for p. 646 & the chart on p. 647
Medical
Cons
Perspectives
Bio Psycho
Social

2. Do Now: What is “normal”?
In terms of disorders, how should we define who is, and who isn’t “abnormal”?
Are you “normal”? Explain with specifics!

3. Do Now
Have out your completed AP Exam, think of your happy & crappy, AND one way you experienced psychology over break. Be ready to share 

4. Abnormal Psychology
the scientific study of abnormal behavior in order to describe, predict, explain, and change abnormal patterns of functioning
We are fascinated by the exceptional, the unusual, the abnormal, so many people like this unit.

5. What makes a Behavior a Psychological Disorder?
Many definitions have been proposed, yet none are universally accepted
¨ Most definitions, however, share some common features…
“The Four Ds”
Deviance
Distress
Dysfunction
Danger
Abnormal experiments

6. Psychological Disorders
What is deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional may depend on…
Culture
Time Period
Environmental Conditions
Individual Person

7. DSM-V Definition of Mental Disorder
A mental disorder is a syndrome characterized by clinically significant disturbance in an individual’s cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior that reflects a dysfunction in the psychological, biological, or developmental processes ,underlying mental functioning. Mental disorders are usually associated with significant distress or disability in social, occupational, or other important activities. An expectable or culturally approved response to a common stressor or loss, such as the death of a loved one, is not a mental disorder. Socially deviant behavior (e.g., political, religious, or sexual) and conflicts that are primarily between the individual and society are not mental disorders unless the deviance or conflict results from a dysfunction in the individual, as described above. (APA, 2013a, p. 20)

8. Early Theories Abnormal behavior was evil spirits trying to get out.
Trephining was often used.

9. http://tywkiwdbi. blogspot

10. Early Theories
Another theory was to make the body extremely uncomfortable.
Lobotomy!

11. History of Mental Disorders
In the 1800’s, disturbed people were no longer thought of as madmen, but as mentally ill.
They were first put in hospitals.
Did this mean better treatment? Bellevue Link on site.

12. Early Mental Hospitals
They were nothing more than barbaric prisons.
The patients were chained and locked away.
Some hospitals even charged admission for the public to see the “crazies”, just like a zoo.

15. Philippe Pinel
French doctor who was the first to take the chains off and declare that these people are sick and “a cure must be found!”

16. Dorothea Dix
First American to advocate for more humane treatment of mentally ill
Lobbied Congress & created the first generation of American mental asylums

17. Perspectives and Disorders
Psychological School/Perspective
Cause of the Disorder
Psychoanalytic/Psychodynamic
Internal, unconscious drives
Humanistic
Failure to strive to one’s potential or being out of touch with one’s feelings.
Behavioral
Reinforcement history, the environment.
Cognitive
Irrational, dysfunctional thoughts or ways of thinking.
Sociocultural
Dysfunctional Society
Biomedical/Neuroscience
Organic problems, biochemical imbalances, genetic predispositions.

18. Current Perspectives on Causes/Treatments
Medical Perspective: psychological disorders are sicknesses and can be diagnosed, treated and cured.
Bio-Psycho-Social Perspective: assumes biological, psychological and sociocultural factors combine to interact causing psychological disorders.
Medical Model=physical cause

20. “Who in the rainbow can draw the line where the violet tint ends and the orange tint begins? Distinctly, we see the difference of the colors, but where exactly does the one first blendingly enter into the other? So with sanity and insanity?”

21. DSM V
Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: the big book of disorders.
DSM will classify disorders and describe the symptoms.
DSM will NOT explain the causes or possible cures.
Highly reliable.

22. $$ involved. Links posted to website.

24. Labeling Psychological Disorders
Critics of the DSM-5 argue that labels may stigmatize individuals.
David Rosenhan
Original Rosenhaun Study:

26. Labeling Psychological Disorders
Labels may be helpful for healthcare professionals when communicating with one another and establishing therapy.
“Insanity” labels raise moral and ethical questions about how society should treat people who have disorders and have committed crimes.
Airport crazy guy, plane crash.

28. Trephining, Torture, Lobotomies, Hospitals Intro to Abnormal Psych
4Ds
Trephining, Torture, Lobotomies, Hospitals
What is Abnormal?
History
Module 47
Intro to Abnormal Psych
Philippe Pinel,
Dorothea Dix
Labeling
Causes/Treatments
Pros
DSM-5
Mod 47 is good to read except for p. 646 & the chart on p. 647
Medical
Cons
Perspectives
Bio Psycho
Social

29. parody on how you won’t be able to diagnose
parody on how you won’t be able to diagnose. Also make them realize that someone in this class might struggle with these or have a family member struggle with them.

30. Make sure we are seeing disorders as a psychologist would and not as an average person “Crazy people”. You can think that, just be careful about letting it sink into your understanding of this unit.