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William Shakespeare Born April 23, 1564

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1 William Shakespeare Born April 23, 1564
Started as a performer in “Lord Chamberlain’s Men” His theater was called The Globe

2 What Defines Tragedy?

3 Where does tragedy come from?
The Greek philosopher Aristotle first defined “tragedy” in his book Poetics written in about 330 B.C.

4 Aristotle’s definition of tragedy had SIX parts:
Plot (Dramatic Structure) Character Thought Diction (delivery/elocution) Spectacle (visual demonstration) Melody (musical/fluidity)

5 What Defines Shakespearean Tragedy?
A Tragic Hero The Tragic Flaw or Hamartia Reversal of Fortune Catharsis (emotion) Restoration of Social Order

6 What makes each of these figures a tragic hero?
The Tragic Hero The tragic hero is someone we, as an audience, look up to—someone superior. The tragic hero is a character that the audience can identify with The tragic hero features a fatal flaw that exposes his/her weakness. What makes each of these figures a tragic hero?

7 Tragic Flaw The hero is nearly perfect
The hero has one flaw or weakness We call this the ‘tragic flaw’, ‘fatal flaw’, or hamartia. Ex: Pride

8 Reversal of Fortune The ‘fatal flaw’ brings the hero down from his/her elevated state. (Frankenstein? Winston?) Renaissance audiences were familiar with the ‘wheel of fortune’ or ‘fickle fate’. What goes up, must come down. Cycle of life

9 Catharsis We get the word ‘catharsis’ from Aristotle’s katharsis.
‘Catharsis’ is the audience’s purging of emotions through pity, fear, anger, etc. The spectator is purged as a result of watching the hero fall. This is why we cry during movies!

10 Restoration of Social Order
Tragedies include: a private element (within a family or small group) a public element (society or governmental order) The play cannot end until society is, once again, at peace.

11 The End

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