1. Will the Legal Status of the European Space Infrastructures Be the Next Challenge of the EU ?
Sirius '17 Workshops on Space, Business and Law
October 12th, 2017
Emerging Risks and Opportunities in Space Sector?
Risques émergents et Opportunités naissantes dans le secteur spatial?
MARCO FERRAZZANI
Conseiller Juridique
Agence Spatiale Européenne - ESA

2. Infrastructures Economic, strategic, political relevance
Decisions making and funding remains public
Geopolitical and international standing
From a classical public function to a modern mix of interests: PFI/PPP
SMART infrastructures as a trend

3. European Space Infrastructures

4. Challenges European decision authority: EU, ESA
In Outer Space or on the ground: treaties apply or national laws?
Infrastructure regulations:
National
Defence
Host Agreements with International Organisation
Treaty based international regulations: ICAO, SARSAT, WMO
Content regulations: intellectual property, cyber law

5. EU law EU Council Directive 2008/114/EC
of 8 December 2008 on the identification and designation of European critical infrastructures and the assessment of the need to improve their protection

6. N° 6600/SGDSN/PSE/PSN du 7 janvier 2014
Country
National Law
Where to find it
Belgium
Loi relative à la sécurité et la protection des infrastructure critiques
(includes all ECI sectors except air transport for which a separate royal decree has been adopted)
France
Instruction Générale Interministérielle relative a la sécurité des activités d’importance vitale
N° 6600/SGDSN/PSE/PSN du 7 janvier 2014

7. Gesetz zur Neuregelung energiewirtschaftsrechtlicher Vorschriften
Country
National Law
Where to find it
Germany
Gesetz zur Neuregelung energiewirtschaftsrechtlicher Vorschriften
Vom 26. Juli 2011
(Amendment of the Energy Law)
This is only regulating infrastructure concerning energy not transportation.
Italy
DECRETO LEGISLATIVO 11 aprile 2011, n. 61
Attuazione della Direttiva 2008/114/CE recante l'individuazione e la designazione delle infrastrutture critiche europee e la valutazione della necessita' di migliorarne la protezione

8. Implementatieplan voor de EPCIP-richtlijn, januari 2009
Country
National Law
Where to find it
Netherlands
Implementatieplan voor de EPCIP-richtlijn, januari 2009
nl/stcrt html
Spain
LPIC: Ley 8/2011 de Protección de Infraestructuras Críticas, de 28 de abril 2011
Real Decreto 704/2011 con el Reglamento de protección de las infraestructuras críticas, de 20 de mayo 2011
p?id=BOE-A
United Kingdom
Strategy Framework and Policy Statement of the Cabinet Office from 1st March 2010.

9. COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 2008/114/EC of 8 December 2008 on the identification and designation of European critical infrastructures and the assessment of the need to improve their protection (extracts)
Article 1 Subject matter This Directive establishes a procedure for the identification and designation of European critical infrastructures (‘ECIs’), and a common approach to the assessment of the need to improve the protection of such infrastructures in order to contribute to the protection of people.

10. Article 2 Definitions For the purpose of this Directive: (a) ‘critical infrastructure’ means an asset, system or part thereof located in Member States which is essential for the maintenance of vital societal functions, health, safety, security, economic or social well-being of people, and the disruption or destruction of which would have a significant impact in a Member State as a result of the failure to maintain those functions; (b) ‘European critical infrastructure’ or ‘ECI’ means critical infrastructure located in Member States the disruption or destruction of which would have a significant impact on at least two Member States. The significance of the impact shall be assessed in terms of cross-cutting criteria. This includes effects resulting from cross-sector dependencies on other types of infrastructure;

11. Article 3 Identification of ECIs Pursuant to the procedure provided in Annex III, each Member State shall identify potential ECIs which both satisfy the cross-cutting and sectoral criteria and meet the definitions set out in Article 2(a) and (b). (…) 3. The sectors to be used for the purposes of implementing this Directive shall be the energy and transport sectors. The subsectors are identified in Annex I. Article 4 Designation of ECIs 1. Each Member State shall inform the other Member States which may be significantly affected by a potential ECI about its identity and the reasons for designating it as a potential ECI.

12. Article 5 Operator security plans
The operator security plan (‘OSP’) procedure shall identify the critical infrastructure assets of the ECI and which security solutions exist or are being implemented for their protection. The minimum content to be addressed by an ECI OSP procedure is set out in Annex II.
Article 6 Security Liaison Officers
1. The Security Liaison Officer shall function as the point of contact for security related issues between the owner/operator of the ECI and the relevant Member State authority.

13. EU Space programme
Regulation (EC) No 683/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 July 2008 on the further implementation of the European satellite navigation programmes (EGNOS and Galileo) Commission Decision of 20 April 2009 establishing an expert group on the security of the European GNSS systems (2009/334/EC)

14. First Conclusions
 EU – Belgium example of a space critical infrastructure;
Arrangement dated 8 April between ESA and the Kingdom of Belgium granting to the site of the ESA Centre in Redu the status of critical infrastructure.