1. Logistic Aspects: Update
Vladimir Sokolov & Uwe Nixdorf

2. Gerit Birnbaum: Helicopters (Tuesday)
2 BK 117, we will allow for flights during night
700 hours per year are budgeted
max. radius: 80 sm
Marcel Nicolaus: RV Polarstern (container arrangements) limited space! Hoovercraft ?
Dangerous goods: supply for leg 1 is feasable, resupply: we need to know what and how much
radio-active material ? Both ways?

3. Drift:
• installation of Polarstern in the newly formed sea ice in October 2019
• potential drift is simulated by forward-simulations of sea ice based on satellite derived daily drift vectors from the years – 2013/14
• drift near the North Pole, but within helicopter range from Cape Baranov (Russia) or Longyearbyen (Svalbard)
 starting position 84° N / 120°E fulfills the plan of transpolar drift

4. Starting area for the MOSAiC drift: 85oN/120oE
East part of Arctic Basin Sea ice age November 2017
Courtesy of O. Folomeev AARI
Starting area for the MOSAiC drift:
85oN/120oE
Single year ice available in November 2017

5. Cruise legs
Tryoshnikow: start position: personnel, cargo, fuel, set up of remote network
Exchange of crew and scientists Leg III – IV: Antonov: 40 pax,
runway (Pistenbully), sea ice condition
Plan B: helicopter

6. The rotation of the crew and expedition RV “Polarstern”
For the rotation of crew and expedition RV "Polarstern" it is planned to attract icebreaker "Captain Makarov" (December 2019 and February 2020)
The plane «Antonov» Ан-74 (40 - single flight) in April
or two Mi-8 AMT (route: Khatanga – Cape Chelyuskin-the Cape Baranov - Arctic Cape - RV “Polarstern” and back)

7. Operational Aspects

8. Breakout session 4: Operational Aspects
Outline of Russian helicopter operations
2 Helicopters from Khatanga
Cape Chelyuskin -> Cape Baranova
-> Cape Arctichesky -> Polarstern (300km)
30 pax per helicopter (800 km)
Time period/Duration of exchange
No overlap time (think of handover procedure)
Helicopter Flights from LYB ?
need to be discussed with Norwegian authorities

9. Health, safety and environment
Person to be employed: standard procedure manual with rules and regulations
... sea ice break up,
... max. pax on ice, tbd
... polar bear protection,
... proper clothing
... mental health
... Helicopter, RPAs, Aircraft  coordination ?
Insurance company: HDI: accident and health insurance similar

10. Medical examination:
AWI covers costs at AWI doctor
Your doctor: minimum: AWI medical form
... Body mass index ...

11. Time schedule: • 2016 – 2019: preparation phase
- final participants lists (January 2019)
- briefings (standard op procedures, health and safety, helicopter op …) - early cargo delivery to Tromsø ( departure of PS September 2019 !)
• October 2019 – October 2020: drift schedule
- drift is split into 6 legs  approximately 2 month for each leg  Leg 1 somewhat longer (transit to and from the drift floe)

13. Drift – trajectory uncertainties:
• averaged simulated drift track for the starting position 84° N / 120°E
• is not a reliable forecast, but helps for an easier planning 
in particular during summer where sea ice drift detection is uncertain and therefore the drift trajectory as well

14. Legs and Resupply: Leg Date Action Requirements Fuel est. (tons) 1
01 Oct 19
Start of Leg 1 / leave TROMSØ
2400
10 Oct 19
Arrive at Central Observatory floe position in Laptev Sea (e.g. 84°N/ 120°E) and identify suitable ice floe
11 Oct 19
Start to deploy distributed network
Russian ship
e.g. Academic Federov
14 Oct 19
Refueling (400 tons) at start location
Ship takes deployers home
2000>2400
15 Oct 19
Drift starts
18 Oct 19
Time series start
12 Dec 19
Scientist exchange
Helicopter via Cape Baranov 2
13 Dec 19
Start of Leg 2
13 Feb 20
Refueling Polarstern (1600 tons)
Scientist and crew exchange
Russian nuclear icebreaker
555>2155 3
14 Feb 20
Start of Leg 3
09 Apr 20
Helicopter via LYR or Cape Baranov 4
10 Apr 20
Start of Leg 4
11 Jun 20
Refueling Polarstern (1000 tons)
International icebreaker
e.g. US Vessel or Swedish Oden
385>1385 5
12 Jun 20
Start of Leg 5
13 Aug 20
Snow Dragon possible
440>1440 6
14 Aug 20
Start of Leg 6
18 Oct 20
End of time series
21 Oct 20
End of drift
Collect instrumentation from network
Steaming to Bremerhaven
Evtl. support from other vessel
405
31 Oct 20
Arrival Bremerhaven 55

15. Personnel and Personnel Exchange:
• 96 persons: 43 crew members
47 scientific participants
4 Helicopter crew (2 pilots, 2 technicians)
2 pax weather forecast (DWD) (1 meteorologist,1 technician)
- 47 scientists include: 1 cruise leader
1 chief scientist
2 safety guards
1 data manager
2 media/outreach representatives
40 remaining scientists: Atmosphere: 8 persons
Sea ice and snow cover: 8 persons
Ocean: 5 persons
Bio-geochemistry: 4 persons
Ecosystem: 6 persons
added to different teams: 9 persons
- 10 additional scientist during Leg 4 and Leg 5, will mostly live in the secondary camp
- 4 persons: logistical and technical support are needed
 discuss which needs can be covered by the crew

16. Personnel and Personnel Exchange:
• exchange of scientific personnel after each leg
- 8 to 10 people from the different teams stay on board for 2 consecutive legs
- exchange during refueling or via Cape Baranov (Russia) with helicopters
• ship crew will be changed after every other leg during ship supply

17. Funding of MOSAiC Polarstern: 396 days ~28 Mio EUR (provided by AWI)
Remaining funding needs: 14.4 Mio EUR:
Resupply: 10.2 Mio EUR
Neumayer supply: 1.5 Mio EUR
Person exchange: 1.2 Mio EUR
Other logistics and safety: 1.5 Mio EUR
=> Participants fee: 1400 EUR/day
EU/NSF/others: calls and/or tenders
Not included
Science positions
Science equipment

18. Rescue and Alternative Plans:
• drift into the Beaufort Gyre (very unlikely)  experiments will be interrupted and shifted towards the transpolar drift
• medical emergencies
 helicopter flights from Cape Baranov or Longyearbyen
alternative plans:
• Plan B – without a nuclear icebreaker
 drift track shifted eastwards (between transpolar and NP35 drift)
 non-nuclear icebreaker can be used
• Plan C – without any other required refueling
 drift track like Norwegian N-ICE campaign 2015
 Polarstern will leave ice for refueling to a port or meet a tanker ship at the ice edge
 interruption of measurements at Central Observatory, but distributed network will stay in place

19. Safety Aspects During the Drift:
on board:
• safety aspects: weapons (polar bear safety), dangerous goods, radionuclides, samples and frozen goods, lab safety
• ship safety will be trained on board
• safety regulations will be followed, introduced and supervised by the ship´s safety officers (2 safety guards who are experienced in Arctic fieldwork will join each leg )
• each group leaving the ship will get dedicated safety briefings
on ice:
• participants will go through safety workshops prior to the legs:
- use of safety equipment and rules to obey
- work in Arctic winter/summer conditions
- proper clothing, introduction into field equipment
- helicopter instructions (scientific missions on Polarstern)
- general ice camp procedures
- first aid
- polar bear awareness and protection