1. Energy Sources
Power & Energy 9

2. Outline Introduction Exhaustible Energy Renewable Energy
Alternate (Inexhaustible) Energy

3. Introduction Energy is the capacity to do work.
Power is a certain amount of energy used for a certain period of time.

4. Introduction
We are surrounded by sources of energy, but before we can use it or produce power we need to control it.
The sun is our greatest and most basic source of energy

5. Introduction There are three types of energy sources: Exhaustible
Renewable
Alternate (Inexhaustible)

6. Exhaustible Energy
Sources of energy that cannot be replaced or restored.
Presently 90% of the world's energy supplies are of this type.

7. Exhaustible Energy Two types of exhaustible energy: Fossil Fuels
Uranium

8. Fossil Fuels
Fossil fuels are deposits of coal, petroleum (oil), and natural gas found underground.

9. Fossil Fuels 1. Coal: Obtained through mining
The most abundant fossil fuel
The most polluting – generates 3,700,000 tons of carbon dioxide which is the primary cause of _______

10. Fossil Fuels 2. Petroleum (Oil) The world’s most important fuel
Fuels transportation devices
Heats homes and buildings

11. Fossil Fuels Three main sources of oil:
Crude oil – Thick black substance found in pools beneath the surface
Shale oil – Oil trapped in shale rock
Tar Sands – Oil mixed with sand

12. Fossil Fuels
3. Natural Gas – Is our cleanest fuel and is a mixture of several types of gases:
Ethane
Propane
Butane
Methane – The main gas
Natural gas is most commonly found underground or with crude oil deposits. However, there is not enough gas in these deposits to meet the demand.

13. Uranium

14. Uranium The second type of exhaustible energy.
It is a nuclear fuel which is used to obtain nuclear energy.
Nuclear energy is produced by splitting the nuclei of an atom in a process know as Fission.

15. Uranium
Disposing of uranium is problematic because it is a highly radioactive substance.

16. Uranium
Nuclear reactors are devices used to initiate and control the splitting of uranium.
This splitting releases huge amounts of energy in the form of heat.
Heat is used to produce steam to drive steam turbines which produce electricity.

18. Energy Usage

19. Renewable Energy
Sources of energy which may be replaced if managed and maintained

20. Renewable Energy
1. Ethanol is an alcohol commonly produced from grain (wheat & corn) or cellulose (agricultural wastes & wood).

21. Renewable Energy
2. Methanol is an alcohol made from wood, plants or wastes.
Can be used as a transportation fuel.
However, engines are hard to start when cold.

22. Renewable Energy
3. Biomass Energy is energy produced by burning biomass materials such as:
Plant and grass crops
Forestry
Agricultural
Garbage/Sewage

23. Biomass energy can be used for:
Bioconversion is the process of obtaining energy from society’s waste products.
Biomass energy can be used for:
Heat
Electricity
Transportation fuels

24. Renewable Energy 4. Wood: One of the oldest forms of energy
Creates high levels of pollution

25. Alternate (Inexhaustible) Energy
Sources of energy that will always be available no matter how much we use them.

26. Alternate (Inexhaustible) Energy
Solar Energy – Uses the sun’s energy to provide both heat and light.

27. Alternate (Inexhaustible) Energy
Solar panels – Devices that collect solar energy to heat water.
Photoelectric cells – Devices that convert sunlight directly into electricity.

28. Alternate (Inexhaustible) Energy
2. Hydroelectric energy – electrical energy produced from flowing water.

29. Alternate (Inexhaustible) Energy
3. Wind Energy – The use of wind turbines to produce power

30. Alternate (Inexhaustible) Energy
4. Tidal Energy
The rising and falling of ocean tides produce power.

31. Alternate (Inexhaustible) Energy
5. Hydrogen is one of the most common elements on earth (H2O).
Electrolysis is the method used to separate hydrogen from oxygen.

32. Alternate (Inexhaustible) Energy
Pure hydrogen is very combustible.
Hydrogen cars can:
Reduce the use of oil
Lower prices at the pumps
Reduce Greenhouse Gases (GHG)

33. Alternate (Inexhaustible) Energy
6. Geothermal energy taps into the heat under the earth's crust to boil water.
The water is boiled to steam and is then used to spin turbine generators to produce electricity.

34. Alternate (Inexhaustible) Energy
The Geysers Geothermal Power Plant:
North of San Francisco.
Largest in the world.
Generates enough electricity to power 750,000 homes.

35. Alternate (Inexhaustible) Energy
7. Biofuels:
Are produced from renewable resources (plants, organic waste, etc.).
Can be used as an alternative to fossil fuels.

36. Alternate (Inexhaustible) Energy
Two main biofuels widely used today:
Ethanol
Biodiesel

37. Alternate (Inexhaustible) Energy
Ethanol:
Ethanol is an alcohol commonly produced from grain (wheat & corn) or cellulose (agricultural wastes & wood).
It can be used as is or blended with regular gasoline.

38. In Brazil, more than 15% of cars can run on pure ethanol.

39. Alternate (Inexhaustible) Energy
Biodiesel:
Is produced from sources of fats such as:
Used cooking oil
Plant extracts
Animal fats
It can be used as is or blended with diesel.

40. Summary http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1cysaOnlv_E
Assignment: google, the sources of energy