1. Protein Synthesis and Protein Folding

2. Remember proteins? What are their monomers?
Amino Acids – 20 to choose from
Where are they synthesized in the cell?
Ribosomes (poke your ribs!)
What are some functions of proteins?
Antibodies, Enzymes, Muscle fibers, growth, storage

3. Amino Acids

4. How do the amino acids know their order?
DNA (***common genetic code!!!) codes for proteins
DNA uses sequences of 3 bases called codons to tell the ribosome what amino acid comes next
DNA – its your instructions!

5. Proteins and their function
In order for proteins to be able to function they must be folded correctly (we say have the correct conformation)
4 levels of protein folding

6. Levels of Protein folding
Primary – a strand of amino acids

7. Levels of Protein folding
Secondary – amino acid chain doubles back on itself linked by H bonds
Alpha (α) helix or
Beta (β) pleated sheet

8. Levels of Protein folding
Tertiary - α helix and βsheets fold onto themselves to make a 3D structure.
This is the final
structure of some
proteins

9. Level of protein folding
Quaternary – several tertiary proteins bonded together
Working form of
most proteins