1. Parul Institute of Technology
Subject Code :
Name Of Subject : Fluid Power Engineering
Name of Unit : Pump
Name of Topic : Introduction To Pump

2. Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump
An Overview
Types of Pumps
Features of various Pumps
Selection of pumps
Performance Calculation
Flow control strategies
Energy saving measures in Pumps
Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump

3. Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump
Types of Pumps
Dynamic Pumps
Centrifugal
Special effect pumps
Displacement Pumps
Rotary
Reciprocating
Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump

4. Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump
Order of Preference
Centrifugal
Rotary
Reciprocating
Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump

5. Pumps Used in Building Services
Sump Pumps
Monobloc
Bore well Pumps
Submersible Pumps
Jet Pumps
Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump

6. Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump
Centrifugal Pumps
Very simple design
Two main parts are the impeller and the diffuser
Impellers
Bronze
poly carbonate
cast iron
stainless steel
Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump

7. Pressure developed by the Pump
Depends upon
Impeller diameter
No. of impellers
size of the impeller eye
shaft speed
Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump

8. Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump
Size of the pump
Depends on
Head
Capacity
Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump

9. Advantages of centrifugal Pump
Very efficient
Produce smooth and even flow
Reliable with good service life
Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump

10. Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump
Disadvantages
Loss of priming easily
Efficiency depends upon operating design head & speed.
Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump

11. Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump
Submersible Pumps
Centrifugal pump closely coupled with motor
Does not require long drive shaft
Motor operates at a cooler temperature.
Noiseless operation.
High efficiency
Smooth and even flow
In case of repair full pump to be removed.
Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump

12. Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump
Jet Pumps
Combination of a surface centrifugal pump, nozzle and venturi arrangement.
Used in small diameter bore wells.
Simple design
Low purchase and maintenance cost.
Easy accessibility to all moving parts.
Low efficiency.
Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump

13. DSM measures to reduce consumption in pumps
Demand side management measures
Use of friction less foot valve.
Use of HDPE pipes
Use of appropriate capacitor.
Use of higher size suction pipe compared to delivery pipe.
Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump

14. Pump Performance calculation
Overall Efficiency = Hydraulic power ( P2) X 100/ Power input ( P1)
Pump efficiency. = Hydraulic power ( P2) X 100/ Power input to pump shaft ( P3)
Hydraulic Power ( P2) = Q X Total Head ( hd - hs ) X p X g / 1000
Q = discharge in m³/s
Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump

15. Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump
Pump Performance calculation
p = density of fluid in kg/ m³
g = acceleration due to gravity ( m/s²)
P1 = X V X I X pf
P3 = P1 X eff.of motor.
Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump

16. Key Parameter for determining efficiency
Flow
Head
Power
Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump

17. Flow Measurement Techniques
Tracer Method
Ultrasonic flow measurement
Tank filling method
Installation of online flow meter
Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump

18. Determination of total head
Suction head
Measured from pump inlet pressure gauge reading
Discharge head
This is taken from the pump discharge side Pr. gauge
Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump

19. Typical name plate details of pump
Pumps: (Monoblock Pumps used for Drinking water)
Sr.No ITEM Pump Pump2
Make Beacon Beacon
Capa hp/kW (3.7) (3.7)
Pipe sizes S/D 65/50 mm /50 mm
Head m m
Discharge L/s L/s
Amps
7 Overall Efficiency % %
Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump

20. Typical performance calculations
PUMP EFFICIENCY CALCULATION SHEET
Sr.No. ITEM Pump Pump Unit
Voltage volts
Current amps
P.F
Power input KW
Dis. Head m
Suc.Head m
Discharge L/s
Hyd.Power KW
Pump Effi
Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump

21. Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump
Typical performance calculations
Dis. Head m
Suc.Head m
Discharge L/s
Hyd.Power KW
Pump Effi
Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump

22. Observations/ Recommendation
1. Replace the existing discharge line with the 50 mm dia pipes to reduce the friction losses.
2. Provide water level switch to switch off the pump sets as soon as the Tank is filled.
3. Replace the existing pump sets with high efficiency pump sets.
Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump

23. Factors to be considered from user side
Size pump correctly
Operate close to the best efficiency point.
Size all piping and valves correctly
Avoid all leakages.
Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump

24. Flow control Strategies
Varying speed
Pumps in parallel
Stop/start control
Flow control valve
By pass control valve
Trimming impeller
Use of VFDS
Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump

25. Energy conservation opportunities in pumping
Operate pump near best efficiency point.
Replace old pumps by energy efficient pumps
Reduce system resistance by pressure drop assessment and pipe size optimization.
Provide booster pump for few areas of higher head.
Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump

26. Energy conservation opportunities in pumping
Conduct water balance to minimize water consumption.
Ensure availability of instruments like pressure gauges, flow meters.
Repair seals and packing to minimize water loss.
Avoid valves in discharge side as far as possible.
Operate pump set during non-peak hours.
Sub: Flow through pipes Topic: Introduction to pump

27. Thank You