1. Transportation of Goods by Water By: Kris Narayan 4 th Grade Science Project Mrs. Babinchak

2. Wonder-Full Questions I wonder how goods are loaded onto the boat? I wonder if food can spoil during transport? I wonder who used/uses water to transport goods? I wonder what vehicles are used to transport goods by water? I wonder when transportation of goods by water was most common? I wonder why some goods are transported by water instead of another form?

3. I wonder how goods are loaded onto the boat? Transportation is an easy way to get goods to different places. Before the goods can be transported, we have to get them onto the ship. But how are they loaded onto the boat? Goods are loaded onto the boat by very large cranes.

4. I wonder why some goods are transported by water instead of another form? There are still many goods that are made or grown here in America that can be shipped by trucks to their destination. Even the goods that arrive by water are unloaded and then moved to warehouses for shipment to customers like Wal-Mart, General Motors, Kroger and CVS. The term that describes how goods are shipped is the term mode of transportation. Goods that are shipped by water then by truck are classified as mixed mode goods and the type of transportation is known are multi- modal transportation.

5. I wonder if food can spoil during transport? Boat transportation can take a wile, so goods need to be kept from spoiling. Large freezers containers are used to store goods that need to be kept cold. This type of storage is the way we can have healthy food.

6. I wonder who used/uses water to transport goods? What companies use water to transport goods? Many companies that make toys, clothing and car parts are in China and are shipped to America across the Pacific Ocean. Many growers of fruits and vegetables are shipped to America from South America. Gas and oil are shipped from places in the Middle East across the Atlantic Ocean.

7. I wonder what vehicles are used to transport goods by water? There are several different types of vehicles that are used to transport goods by water. The most common type is an Ocean Liner or a Freighter. These ships can carry different types of cargo. Depending on the goods, different types of containers are use, for example, food that is shipped that requires refrigeration can be stored in refrigerated containers, bananas are actually put in containers that are pumped full on nitrogen while they are in- transit so they can begin to ripen and things like toys just need to be shipped in containers that keep them dry. These products can all be shipped on the same vehicle. Things like gas or oil have to be shipped on Tankers and cannot be shipped with other products because they could contaminate those items. There are all type of regulations that control what types of product can be shipped together and how and where they can be shipped.

8. I wonder when transportation of goods by water was most common? The transportation of goods by water has been occurring for centuries. However, in 1999 because of offshore manufacturing the shipment of goods from Asia and South America has been growing. Many consumer electronics, clothes and durable goods like toys are manufactured in China and other parts of Asia. We also receive many fruits and vegetables from South America. These goods and many other types of goods arrive daily into large shipping ports like the Terminals in Long Beach California.