1. PHONOLOGY Arranged By: Sapitra Rizky Tiara Ayu Yosi Ariani SyLLABLES
Lecturer: Eka Yuliyanti, M.Pd
Arranged By:
Sapitra
Rizky Tiara Ayu
Yosi Ariani
STAIN SAS BANGKA BELITUNG
2012

2. The Syllable Syllable: group of speech sounds (group of segments)
A syllable composed:
a central peak of sonority (usually a vowel)
the consonants that cluster around this central peak

3. Constituents of the Syllable
Parts
Description
Optionality
Onset
Initial segment of a syllable
Optional
Rhyme
Core of a syllable, consisting of a nucleus and coda
Obligatory
Nucleus
Central segment of a syllable
Coda
Closing segment of a syllable

4. EXAMPLE:
/l/, /m/, /n/, and /r/ can become the nucleur when there’s no nucleus in some word such as bottle, bottom, & butter. For example: bottle, it has 2 syllables /bɑtl/ where in the second syllable : tl doesnt have the nucleus. So the /l/ become the nucleus.

5. The grammar of Syllables: Pattern of acceptability
The universal basic syllable type is CV   (consonant + Vowel)

6. Phonotactic Constraint
Phonotactic→the sequential arrangement of  phonological units that are possible in a  language. 
Consonant Cluster: it is a term applied to a  blend or a group of consonants with no 
intervening vowel. English may have the 
pattern of CCC onset with C1 always /s/.
Eg. Scream /skriːm/ CCCV:C

7. Example for Phonotactic Constrain
/ŋ/ does not appear in onsets
/v ð z ʒ/ do not form part of onset clusters
/t d θ l/ do not form permissible onset clusters
/h/ doesn’t appear in codas
/lg/ is not permissible coda cluster

8. The sonority Sequencing Generalisation
Sonority reference to the degree to which a sound is audible and can be acoustically perceived by the hearer
The Scale of Sonority

9. Example Tramp Spray & Skew
The nucleus always forms the sonority peak (the highest point of the curve).
Spray & Skew

10. Justyfying the Constituents

11. Flounce
Free
onset = /fl/
onset /fr/
rhyme = /aʊns/
rhyme = /iː/
nucleus = /aʊ/
nucleus = /iː/
coda = /ns/
coda zero

12. Onset Maximalism
The Onset Maximalism, also known as  Maximum Onset Principle (MOP), states that,  whenever possible, consonants should be  assigned to the onset, and as few as possible  should be assigned to the coda.  

14. Ends with a consonant coda.
Syllable Weight
Kind
Description
Example
Heavy
Has a branching rhyme. All syllables with a branching nucleus (long vowels) are considered heavy. Some languages treat syllables with a short vowel (nucleus followed by a consonant (coda) as heavy.
CV:C, CVCC, CVC
Deep: /diːp/
Light
Has a non-branching rhyme (short vowel). Some languages treat syllables with a short vowel(nucleus) followed by a consonant (coda) as light.
CV, CVC
Big: /bɪg/
Closed
Ends with a consonant coda.
CVC, CVCC, VC
Open
Has no final consonant CV