1. The American Civil War: 1861-1865
A House Divided
The American Civil War:

2. African Americans & Slavery

3. Statistics North: 1860 South: 1860 8 million whites
500,000 blacks
499,982 free
18 slave (NJ)
Vocal minority were abolitionists
Whites viewed blacks as inferior.
Tough restrictions on free blacks.
Whites had little personal experience with blacks
8 million whites
385,000 slaveholders or 4.8%
4 million blacks
261,988 free blacks
3,738,012 slave
28% free blacks owned slaves
MI & SC=over 50% population was slave

4. Arguments Regarding Slavery
Proslavery
Antislavery
Slaves are property; a business investment
Slaves are better off; cared for by owners
Free blacks would compete w/white laborers for jobs
The Bible endorses slavery.
Slavery is morally wrong
Slavery harmed society

5. Slavery For Against Northern Industrialists Southern Planters
Gag Rule, 1836
Fugitive Slave Act
Dred Scot v Sanford
Sumner-Brooks Incident
Wilmot Proviso
John Brown & Sons
William Lloyd Garrison, The Liberator
Harriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Personal Liberty Laws
Underground RR-Harriett Tubman

6. Compromises Missouri Compromise, 1820 Compromise of 1850
Kansas-Nebraska Act

7. Short-term Causes of War
Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 1852
Bleeding Kansas, 1856
Dred Scot v Sanford, 1857
Harper’s Ferry, 1859
Lincoln elected Pres., Nov. 6, 1860
South Carolina secedes, Dec. 20, 1860
CSA formed, Feb. 1861
Fort Sumter fired upon, April 12, 1861
Civil War begins, April 15, 1861

8. Anaconda Plan Union Plan Cut off Southern ports on the Atlantic Ocean
Cut off Mississippi River/Port of New Orleans by seizing Vicksburg
Squeeze South in middle until they surrender

9. Emancipation Proclamation, September1862
Freed all slaves in States of Rebellion

10. Home Front: Paying for the War
North
South
Income tax/tariffs
Sale of government bonds
“Greenbacks”
Sale of western lands (Homestead Act, 1862)
Blockade Runners
Contraband
Paper $$$

11. Both sides: Home Front Seized private property Suspended habeas corpus
Instituted conscription
Used “nurses” for the 1st time

12. 1861
Clara Barton

13. Turning Points of the War
Union Vicksburg, MI, 1863
Implemented the Anaconda Plan
Battle of Gettysburg, PA, 1863
3-day battle
Bloodiest battle of Civil War
Sherman’s March to the Sea, 1864
60-mile swath from Atlanta, GA to Atlantic Ocean
Total Warfare

14. Lee surrenders to Grant at Appomattox Courthouse, VA on April 9, 1865
War’s Impact
Lee surrenders to Grant at Appomattox Courthouse, VA on April 9, 1865

15. The 13th Amendment bans slavery EVERYWHERE!
December 1865
The 13th Amendment bans slavery EVERYWHERE!