1. The Atmosphere during MOSAiC
Matthew Shupe (University of Colorado/NOAA) on behalf of many
What we’ll cover: “Why?” – the top level drivers for Arctic atmospheric research. “What? How?” – what are the important measurements and how will we make them. What will these serve?
MOSAiC Implementation Workshop
13-16 November 2017

2. in Central Arctic System
Atmospheric Coupling
in Central Arctic System
Stratosphere
Large-scale dynamics
Clouds
Advection
Aerosols
Precipitation
Radiation
Atmospheric Mixing
Key modes of atmospheric coupling within the system: Multi-scale Dynamics (turbulence, momentum, large-scale), Advection, Radiation, Precipitation, Gas/particle/aerosol fluxes.
These map directly onto the MOSAiC science themes.
Let’s take a look at some key processes and how we can understand them.
Persson et al.: Advection-cloud-radiation-energy fluxes-ice growth
Cloud-aerosol interaction
There are many others
Miller et al.: Flux relationships as a means for process understanding and model evaluation. Can we do this with others?
Momentum
ABL
Turbulence
Gas fluxes
Surface Energy Budget
Sea ice / Melt Ponds / Ocean

3. Science Goals Surface Energy Budget (link to ice, ocean, eco)
Momentum transfer (link to ice, ocean)
ABL structure & Airmass transformation
Cloud composition & processes
Aerosol sources & cloud activity (link to BGC)
Characterize precipitation (link to snow)

4. Committed Activities AWI: Soundings, ship measurements
DOE ARM: Mobile Atmospheric Facility
TROPOS: OceanNet system
NSF: Surface flux program
U. Leipzig: Spectral radiation
Proposed activities: Russia, China, Finland, Switzerland, UK, Germany, US, France…

5. Multiscale Design Central Observatory Characterize column
Large-scale linkages
Link to MIZ, ocean, and land
Air mass advection/transformation
Model assimilation studies
Arctic regional & global models
> 1000 km
Distributed Network
Heterogeneity of fluxes
Spatial distribution
Impact of leads
Model grid cell
< 50 km
< 5 km
Central Observatory
Characterize column
Vertical coupling
Process scale observations
Let’s think about the scales and consider each of these.

6. Central Observatory Thermodynamic profiling (DOE, TROPOS, AWI)
On Polarstern
Thermodynamic profiling (DOE, TROPOS, AWI)
Wind profiling (DOE, UTrier, ULeeds)
Cloud/precip (DOE, TROPOS, UCologne)
Radiation (TROPOS, ULeipzig)
Aerosol/Gas (DOE, UHels, PSI, BAS, UColo)
I’m not going to talk about the specific instruments exhaustively, as that is very much into the details.
I list the institutions that have either committed, or are interested in pursuing support to participate.
There is still room for participation as there are still gaps. Have to engage in dialog with the team.

7. Central Observatory Surface fluxes/met tower (DOE, UColo, AWI)
on ice
Surface fluxes/met tower (DOE, UColo, AWI)
Radiation (DOE)
Precipitation (DOE)
Gas fluxes (UColo)
Tethered Balloon (AWI, TROPOS)

8. Distributed Network Surface met/flux stations (UColo)
iAOOS buoys (France)
Thermo/turb from UAS (UColo, FMI, SAMS)
Surf fluxes from heli (UBraun, AWI)

9. Large-scale Opportunities
Aircraft Operations (AWI, NASA, FAAM,…)
Other Ships (Tryoshnikov, Xue Long, Oden…)
IASOA Stations
Satellite Observations
Aircraft operations provide transects to examine airmass trajectories, in situ observations for evaluating retrievals, detailed observations of key properties that can’t be observed from the ground-based assets.
Other ships: Perspective on the influence of surface transitions on the cloud-atmosphere-aerosol-radiation system
IASOA stations: Ring the Arctic and provide a link to lower latitudes, and to the land
Satellite observations: AIRS to look at water vapor, cloud retrievals from various sensors

10. Distinctive Features Most comprehensive atmospheric observatory
Over Arctic Ocean
Most comprehensive atmospheric observatory
Complementary measurements for most parameters
Continuous thermodynamic profiling
First scanning cloud radars

11. Many Opportunities for Engagement
Looking Forward
Key funding decisions
Aerosol sampling
Wind profiling plan
Tethered balloon
Aircraft coordination
Engage with partners and reach out to funding agencies to express interest.
Many Opportunities for Engagement

13. Session objectives Further discuss / refine instrument list
Identify and discuss specific gaps/solutions
Identify top level product objectives for models
Key participants and approach to coordination
What instruments will we have without people in the field?
Key areas of coordination (pollution monitoring…)
What specific types of analyses would be useful: back trajectories, operational satellite data at certain locations, etc.
What satellite products do we want?