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Published byBrianne Young Modified over 6 years ago
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A Lesson from Recovery and Reconstruction after Mega-Disaster: Banda Aceh 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami
Yasuo Tanaka Department of Civil Engineering, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahaman, Malaysia
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Mega-Disaster & Role of University
Kobe University (RCUSS), 1995 Kobe Earthquake Syiah Kuala University (TDMRC), 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami
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1995 Kobe Earthquake M7.3 EQ hits Kobe City
6434 died, Population 1.5 million Direct loss: US$100billion. Over 10 years for reconstruction
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2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami @ Banda Aceh
M9.1 EQ & Tsunami hits Banda Aceh City 100,000 died, Population around 300,0000 Direct loss: US$4.5 billion (whole Indonesia) Over 10 years, reconstruction not yet finished
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Impact to Society Kobe EQ Indian Ocean Tsunami
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Reconstruction of Aceh & International Support
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MDF (Multi Donors Fund)
International support MDF consists of over 10% of reconstruction support
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MDF Projects Project No.5 supported partially TDMRC, Syiah Kuala University
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MDF Projects US$9.87 million November 2008–May 2012
Enhancing the Recovery Process (Total US$ 56.2 million) Technical Assistance (TA) to BRR and Bappenas 1 Grant Amount US$24.78 million 2 Implementation Period July 2005–December 2012 3 Partner Agency United Nations Development Programme 4 Implementing Agency BRR (to April 2009), Bappenas (since April 2009) Making Aceh Safer Through Disaster Risk Reduction in Development (DRR-A) US$9.87 million Implementation Period November 2008–May 2012 Ministry of Home Affairs and Provincial Government of Aceh Aceh Government Transformation Programme (AGTP) US$16.98 million July 2008-June 2012 Nias Island Transformation Programme (NITP) US$4.59 million April 2009-June 2012 Ministry of Home Affairs, Provincial Government of North Sumatra and District Governments in Nias
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Budget Details of MDF Support for TDMRC Activities
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Details of DRR-A Budget
The indirect cost for managing the DRR fund (i.e., consultants and contractual service) amounted nearly 67% of total budget The direct support for TDMRC to achieve DRR output was about only 1.5 million US$ (about 0.2% of MDF 632 million US$) over 3.5 years. TDMRC was conducting its DRR activities by employing 20 to 30 researchers over this period of 3.5 year. About 10 million US$, the total indirect cost such as consultants and contractual service was 55% of the DRR-A project.
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Role of University in Reconstruction from Mega-Disaster
Monitor & sustain DRR activities (culture, education, archiving, etc) over long-term Promote multi-disciplinary, multi-sectoral, whole- societal DRR approach - comprehensive university Reach out to society by proposing & creating necessary DRR framework - information sharing
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Effects of Large International Supports for Mega-Disaster@Aceh
Projects not meeting the local needs. - only few needs assessment, without local expertise, little long term investment Large expenditures during early stage of recovery & reconstruction - after 5 years almost all Int. Inst. left, downturn of local economy and loss of culture Effective use of international funds - transparency & accountability of funds versus longterm investment
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