1. A Lesson from Recovery and Reconstruction after Mega-Disaster: Banda Aceh 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami
Yasuo Tanaka
Department of Civil Engineering, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahaman, Malaysia

2. Mega-Disaster & Role of University
Kobe University (RCUSS), 1995 Kobe Earthquake
Syiah Kuala University (TDMRC), 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami

3. 1995 Kobe Earthquake M7.3 EQ hits Kobe City
6434 died, Population 1.5 million
Direct loss: US$100billion.
Over 10 years for reconstruction

4. 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami @ Banda Aceh
M9.1 EQ & Tsunami hits Banda Aceh City
100,000 died, Population around 300,0000
Direct loss: US$4.5 billion (whole Indonesia)
Over 10 years, reconstruction not yet finished

5. Impact to Society
Kobe EQ
Indian
Ocean Tsunami

6. Reconstruction of Aceh & International Support

7. MDF (Multi Donors Fund)
International support
MDF consists of over 10% of reconstruction support

8. MDF Projects
Project No.5 supported partially TDMRC, Syiah Kuala University

9. MDF Projects US$9.87 million November 2008–May 2012
Enhancing the Recovery Process (Total US$ 56.2 million)
Technical Assistance (TA) to BRR and Bappenas 1
Grant Amount
US$24.78 million 2
Implementation
Period July 2005–December 2012 3
Partner Agency
United Nations Development Programme 4
Implementing Agency
BRR (to April 2009), Bappenas (since April 2009)
Making Aceh Safer Through Disaster Risk Reduction in Development (DRR-A)
US$9.87 million
Implementation Period
November 2008–May 2012
Ministry of Home Affairs and Provincial Government of Aceh
Aceh Government Transformation Programme (AGTP)
US$16.98 million
July 2008-June 2012
Nias Island Transformation Programme (NITP)
US$4.59 million
April 2009-June 2012
Ministry of Home Affairs, Provincial Government of North Sumatra and District Governments in Nias

10. Budget Details of MDF Support for TDMRC Activities

11. Details of DRR-A Budget
The indirect cost for managing the DRR fund (i.e., consultants and contractual service) amounted nearly 67% of total budget
The direct support for TDMRC to achieve DRR output was about only 1.5 million US$ (about 0.2% of MDF 632 million US$) over 3.5 years.
TDMRC was conducting its DRR activities by employing 20 to 30 researchers over this period of 3.5 year.
About 10 million US$, the total indirect cost such as consultants and contractual service was 55% of the DRR-A project.

12. Role of University in Reconstruction from Mega-Disaster
Monitor & sustain DRR activities (culture, education, archiving, etc) over long-term
Promote multi-disciplinary, multi-sectoral, whole- societal DRR approach - comprehensive university
Reach out to society by proposing & creating necessary DRR framework - information sharing

13. Effects of Large International Supports for Mega-Disaster@Aceh
Projects not meeting the local needs. - only few needs assessment, without local expertise, little long term investment
Large expenditures during early stage of recovery & reconstruction - after 5 years almost all Int. Inst. left, downturn of local economy and loss of culture
Effective use of international funds - transparency & accountability of funds versus longterm investment